You will have the opportunity to describe the pathophysiology and pharmacological management for a...

Question

You will have the opportunity to describe the pathophysiology and pharmacological management for a person suffering from arthritis. We would like you to show your understanding by making explicit the links between pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and pharmacological management of your person’s disease. When preparing your presentation, assume that your target audience is health professionals (e.g., nurses, paramedics, midwives; all of which should have roughly the same base knowledge). Your answers to the questions below will be used to grade the ‘depth’, ‘accuracy’, and ‘clarity’ sections of your vodcast assignment (see marking rubric provided at the end of this document). At the beginning of your vodcast, you need to set the scene within the first minute — i.e., tell us about your person, state the degree you are enrolled in (e.g., Bachelor of Midwifery, Bachelor of Paramedicine, or Bachelor of Nursing), and then proceed to answer the following questions. You must answer all 3 questions below: Question 1. By referring to the physiological organisation of articular cartilage and synovial joints, explain the aetiology and pathogenesis of the type of arthritis your patient suffers from (i.e., rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis). Question 2. 1. Describe (i) the most common clinical manifestations and (ii) treatment options associated with the type of arthritis you have chosen and (ii) possible ways to manage the condition in your patient. Question 3. Explain how the type of arthritis your patient/client suffers from is different to the other type (e.g., if your patient has osteoarthritis, their condition will need to be compared to rheumatoid arthritis and vice versa). Your comparison should clearly distinguish between the signs, symptoms, and clinical findings associated with the two types of arthritis.

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WRITTEN ASSIGNMENT		6
WRITTEN ASSIGNMENT
Table of contents
Question 1	3
Question 2	4
Question 3	6
References	8
Question 1
	Greetings to everybody present. I'll be discussing the biology of arthritis and pharmacological treatment options. The guy I'm referring to is a male patient who is 55 years old and has osteoarthritis.
	The smooth, slick tissue that lines the ends of the bones in the joint is called articular cartilage (Allen, Thoma & Golightly, 2022). During joint movement, it offers a smooth surface for the bones to glide over one another. By balancing the breakdown and regeneration of the tissue, the cartilage in a healthy joint keeps its shape and function. Osteoarthritis, on the other hand, throws off this equilibrium, making the cartilage thinner, rougher, and less robust. Osteoarthritis has a complex aetiology that includes a number of causes, including ageing, genetics, obesity, joint damage, and overuse. The cartilage eventually loses its capacity to mend itself as we become older. Since certain people may be genetically predisposed to osteoarthritis, genetic factors can potentially play a role in the development of the ailment. Osteoarthritis is more likely to develop in people who are obese because extra weight puts more strain on the joints. Osteoarthritis can also be brought on by joint injury or overuse, which harms the cartilage and supporting tissues.
	Osteoarthritis is the result of a complex interaction between mechanical and biological forces. When cartilage deteriorates, the underlying bone may become visible, which can cause bone-on-bone contact and the development of cysts and bone spurs. The inflammation and joint injury are exacerbated by these modifications (Sharma, 2021). The joint may experience inflammation as a result of the injury, releasing enzymes and cytokines that contribute to cartilage disintegration. As a result, the synovial fluid may thicken and lose some of its ability to lubricate and cushion the joint from stress. The joint also gets irritated. As a result, a number of events that disturb the equilibrium between articular cartilage repair and destruction contribute to the aetiology and pathophysiology of osteoarthritis. This causes the cartilage to deteriorate, bone spurs and cysts to grow, and an inflammatory reaction that exacerbates joint damage and inflammation.
Question 2
(i) The most common clinical manifestations of osteoarthritis include -
· Cracking or popping sounds: When moving the injured joint, some persons may hear a cracking or popping sound 
· Joint pain is typically described as a deep, agonising pain that gets worse with movement and becomes better with rest.
· Swelling: The damaged joint may swell, become painful to the touch, and become heated.
· Stiffness: Stiffness often gets worse first thing in the morning and gets better with activity (van den Bosch, 2021).
· Limited range of motion:

You will have the opportunity to describe the pathophysiology and pharmacological management for a person suffering from arthritis. We would like you to show your understanding by making explicit the...

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