Write an essay on one of the following topics: 1. Why do academics focus on reliability in writing and how does this relate to principles of observation? In your response to this question, you should...

SIGNIFICANCE OF RELIABILITY IN WRITING AND ITS RELATION TO THE PRINCIPLES OF OBERVATION
Table of Contents
Introduction    3
Features of Academic Writing    3
Significance of Reliability in Academic Writing    4
Relation with Principle of Observation    7
Conclusion    8
References    9
Introduction
Academic writing is a non-fiction piece of writing that is meant of scholarly purposes. Therefore, it is vital that academic writing should be clear, focused, well structured, and concise and should be supported by several evidences. It should fulfill its purpose of enhancing the understanding of the users (Patriotta, 2017). Since, academic writing is intended to help the readers develop a better understanding of a particular topic, it is essential that the data being included in such pieces of writing should be reliable. Reliability is an essential feature of academic writing and requires a considerable amount of attention from academic writers (Bailey, 2017). This is important because it will help to persuade the readers and will make them believe that the data presented is factual and has been gathered from authentic sources.
Features of Academic Writing
The way academic writers write is influenced by the purpose of writing. The purpose is to analyse the existing knowledge and then share the same with a sense of responsibility with others so that knowledge can be imparted. Some of the most critical features of academic writing are:
Complexity: Academic writing is meant for producing knowledge and therefore it is quite complex and includes factual data and information. The varied vocabulary is used for academic writing. The sentences have to be short and grammatical errors have to be avoided (Gray & Biber, 2018). Passive voice is recommended the most.
Formality: Academic writing is formal. Ambiguities and repetitions are avoided strictly in case of academic writing. The tone and structure is straightforward, clear and concise (Hyland & Jiang, 2017).
Precision: The facts, figures, scientific data and the outcomes of the researches are included carefully and the data is not altered in any sense (Lin-Siegler, 2017).
Objectivity: The language and the information provide is meant for general purposes and is not meant to address personal objectives (Nunn, Brandt & Deveci, 2018). Main emphasis is on the information being shared and arguments being made or presented. This is the reason academic writing makes extensive use of nouns and adjectives rather than verbs and adverbs.
Explicitness: The topic of discussion and the variables associated with it are presented in an interlinked pattern. These relations are made explicit by making use of signaling words (Wu, Mauranen & Lei, 2020). Academic writing is explicit about the relations being expressed in academic texts.
Accuracy: A lot of technical content and technological language is used to present the contents with high efficiency. It is ensured that wrong terms are not used and the content included is relevant to the discipline being talked about (Samigullina, 2018).
Hedging: In academic writing sufficient number of evidences are provided to support an argument presented or a claim made. This helps to improve the strength of the claims being made (Demir, 2018).
Responsibility: In case of academic writing, the writer must be responsible and should present the information that is true and reliable. The writer must be able to provide evidences and justifications for the claims made as and when needed (Wingate, 2019). The sources used to gather the information must be references with a high sense of responsibility.
Organisation: Academic writing is well organised and structured. The flow of contents from one section to the other makes the reader develop a better understanding of the arguments being presented (Wang, 2018).
Planning: Academic writing is planned and is conducted after ample analysis and evaluation. Analysis and evaluation is done based on the plans being made (Bourke, 2020).
Significance of Reliability in Academic Writing
Reliability in general means the quality of being trustworthy. Reliability of an academic source means the degree, to which the result of a calculation, measurement or specification can be depended upon or is accurate. For learners and scholars who want to improve their knowledge base, academic journals are the most reliable sources of gathering information (Van Daal et al., 2019). Therefore, it is important that all the facts, figures, scientific and technological data mentioned in a piece of academic writing must be trustworthy and should be of high quality.
Reliability of the content is equally important in both types of writing i.e. qualitative writing and quantitative writing. Presenting arguments or making claims that have been supported by evidences is one of the most common methods of making an academic piece of writing a reliable one. Reliability has important implications in case of academic writing as it helps scholars and learners to be reliant on a particular source of information while they thrive...