Answer To: write about the nervous system, its structure , types,functions ,disease with two diagrams5 pages...
Dr Insiyah R. answered on May 03 2023
Nervous system
The primary function of the nervous system, which is made up of a network of neurons, is to create, modify, and transfer information across all the various components of the human body. This feature facilitates several crucial nervous system tasks, including controlling critical bodily processes, sensations, and movement (Teufel & Fletcher,2020). In the end, our awareness, cognition, behaviour, and memory are all governed by the architecture of the nervous system.
There are two sections of the nervous system:
The body's command and integration hub is the central nervous system (CNS).
The peripheral nervous system (PNS) serves as the body's link to the central nervous system (CNS).
The autonomic nervous system (ANS) and the somatic nervous system (SNS) are two more divisions.
Neuronal system cells
There are two fundamental cell types in the neurological system;
Neurons
Brain cells
The primary anatomical and operational components of the nervous system are neurons or nerve cells. Each neuron is made up of a body (the soma) and a variety of functions (neurites). The body of the nerve cell, where action potentials (nerve impulses) are produced, houses the cell's organelles (Teufel & Fletcher,2020). The body is the source of the mechanisms which link body cells and neurons to allow the transmission of brain impulses. Two categories of brain processes exist, and they are distinct in both structure and function.
Input is carried away from the neural body by long axons.
The electrical signal is conducted towards the body of the nerve cell by dendrites, which are short and serve to accept impulses from other neurons.
The number of dendrites varies, but each neuron possesses a single axon. There are four different structural kinds of neurons based on that number: multipolar, bipolar, pseudounipolar, and unipolar.
Neurons are specialised for working with neural impulses because of their anatomy; they produce, receive, and transmit these impulses among other neurons and non-neural tissues. According to whether they send an electrical signal to the central nervous system or away from it, there are actually two types of neurons (Asadi-Pooya & Simani,2020).
The CNS instructs the peripheral tissues to operate through efferent neurons, either motor or descending.
Sensory or ascending afferent neurons carry signals from the limbs to the central nervous system. These impulses have sensory data that describe the surroundings of the tissue.
A synapse is where an axon links to another cell to transmit a neurological impulse. The following cell is not directly connected to the synapse. Instead, the stimulation causes the release of substances known as neurotransmitters from an axon's very end. In response to commands from the CNS, these neurotransmitters attach to the effector cell's membrane and trigger biochemical activities in that cell (Taylor et al,2021).
Smaller non-excitatory cells, known as glial cells, serve as a support system for...