Answer To: Psychological Disorders Presentation Choose two disorders from the categories presented this week....
Dr. Saloni answered on Apr 22 2022
Schizophrenia and Eating Disorders
Schizophrenia and Eating Disorders
Differences and Legal System
Background
Despite varied diagnostic criteria, schizophrenia and eating disorders are both mildly to highly heritable and possess a large genetic risk. Schizophrenia is frequently associated with secondary eating issues. The two's connection is convoluted and not entirely understood. Individuals who are experiencing psychotic manifestations of schizophrenia, as well as poor eating habits, must have a differential diagnosis (Fjellvang et al., 2018).
There have been no large-scale familial studies on the co-occurrence of these illnesses.
Professionals should be aware of this tendency for comorbidity and co-aggregation since it may impact case conceptualisation and treatment options.
2
Basic Concepts
Schizophrenia is a complex psychological illness that impacts an individual's thoughts, feelings, and behavior. Schizophrenia patients require medical attention for the rest of their lives.
However, an eating disorder is a psychiatric disorder characterised by irregular eating practices that have detrimental effects on an individual's psychological and physical wellness. At any given time, just a single eating disorder can be detected (Solmi et al., 2019).
People with schizophrenia are frequently subjected to discrimination, stigma, and violations of their human rights.
Schizophrenia impacts around 24 million people globally, or one in every 300 individuals (0.32 percent).
3
Occurrence
Symptoms of schizophrenia often develop in individuals in their mid-to-late-20s, then they may appear later, up to their mid-30s. Schizophrenia is said to be early-onset if it appears before the age of 18. The occurrence of schizophrenia among children under the age of 13 is infrequent.
Anorexia tends to affect puberty-aged young women and girls. Male patients make up less than 5percent of the total (Sörman et al., 2020).
Females have been more than twice as likely as males (3.8 percent) to suffer from eating problems (1.5 percent). Women had a 1.75–3.0 higher lifetime incidence of bulimia, anorexia, or BED than men.
4
Etiology
The underlying etiology of schizophrenia remains unknown. According to research, a person's risk of developing the illness depends on a mix of bodily, hereditary, cognitive, and environmental variables. Some people are predisposed to schizophrenia, as well as stress or emotionally charged life experiences that may set off a psychotic episode.
However, eating disorders are thought to have a variety of frequently occurring etiologies, including physiological, mental, developmental, and social factors. Research on the etiology of eating disorders is difficult due to the close-knit system of causes, manifestations, and consequences (Strassnig et al., 2019).
The aetiology of cardiometabolic problems in schizophrenia is multifaceted, with oxidative stress, traditional risk factors including hereditary and lifestyle variables, and pharmacological side effects all playing a role.
5
Types
There are seven types of schizophrenia, i.e., paranoid schizophrenia, hebephrenic schizophrenia, catatonic schizophrenia, undifferentiated schizophrenia, residual schizophrenia, simple schizophrenia, and unspecified schizophrenia (Tsimploulis et al., 2018).
There are six types of eating disorders, i.e., binge eating disorder, anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, pica, rumination syndrome, and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (Strassnig et al., 2019).
The most common eating disorder is anorexia nervosa. Bulimics commonly consume unusually immense quantities of food in a short period of time. Pica patients have a strong desire for non-food items.
6
Symptoms
Symptoms of schizophrenia include delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thinking, extremely abnormal or disorganized motor behavior, and negative symptoms.
However, symptoms of eating disorders include excessive weight loss, thin...