When economic conditions are tight, a hospital may reduce the number of middle-level nurse managers. This can potentially disrupt nursing care because middle-level managers are responsible for which...

When economic conditions are tight, a hospital may reduce the number of middle-level nurse managers. This can potentially disrupt nursing care because middle-level managers are responsible for which of the following?

1. Supervision of nonmanagerial staff

2. Reporting institutional changes to direct-care staff

 3. Productivity and effectiveness of a group of managers

4. Creating institutional goals and strategic plans