What is the relationship of environment and cancers? Describe the effect of tobacco, alcohol, radiation exposure, and diet and obesity to carcinogenesis.

Running Head: QUESTIONS & ANSWERS        1
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS         5
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
Table of Contents
1. Relation between environment and cancers, along with impact of alcohol, tobacco, diet, obesity and radiation exposure on carcinogenesis    3
2. Mechanism confining tissues and cells to a particular anatomic site    4
3. Usage of tumor markers in diagnosis of cancer, their types, along with the functionality of tumor markers and entity measured by them    4
References    5
1. Relation between environment and cancers, along with impact of alcohol, tobacco, diet, obesity and radiation exposure on carcinogenesis
    Cancers and environment are related to each other because, the genetic changes that lead to cancer are largely caused due to the negative impact of various environmental factors such as prolonged exposure to radiation, chemical reactions such as from tobacco smoke, alcohol consumption or dietary components. As supported by Tomasetti, Li and Vogelstein (2017), the substances that have a risk of causing cancer are known as carcinogens and the environmental carcinogens do so by causing mutations in the genetic make-up of the DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid).
    The impact of environmental carcinogens such as tobacco is that the chemical in the smoke, which is tar, affects the lung cells by coating their cilia and bringing apoptosis or necrosis into them. As mentioned by Wu, Powers, Zhu and Hannun (2016), the mutations due to alcohol and improper diet are potent of causing cancer because...