What is shale oil and how is this heavy oil produced? What are oil sands? What is bitumen, and how is it extracted and converted to heavy oil? What are the major advantages and disadvantages of using...

What is shale oil and how is this heavy oil produced? What are oil sands? What is bitumen, and how is it extracted and converted to heavy oil? What are the major advantages and disadvantages of using shale oil and heavy oils produced from oil shale rock and from oil sands?