We examined whether selected polymorphisms in 11 candidate genes help predict the presence of prostate cancer. We studied 1031 men who underwent one or more prostate biopsies because of an elevated PSA level or abnormal digital rectal exam. Of the 1031 men, 483 had cancer on any biopsy (cases) and 548 men had no cancer (controls)The authors conducted this study to determine whether they could enhance their ability to predict which men suspected of having prostate cancer actually did have this condition. Under what circumstances might their results also provide a valid assessment of the potential role of the 11 genes in the etiology of prostate cancer?
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