Using surveys to estimate rare events typically leads to overestimating. For example, the National Rifle Association reports three million dues-paying members or about 1.5 % of American adults. In...

Using surveys to estimate rare events typically leads to overestimating. For example, the National Rifle Association reports three million dues-paying members or about 1.5 % of American adults. In national random telephone surveys, however 4–10 % of respondents claim that they are dues-paying NRA members. Do your own web research. Discuss possible reasons for bias and methods of minimizing the bias.