Use PSpice, along with the successive voltage and current injection method, to fi nd the return ratio T of the series-shunt triple of Compare with the loop gain T found there, comment. The single-BJT V-I converter of can be analyzed directly via the test method to give the familiar expression Ro 5 ro[1 1 gm(r//RE)], under the assumption r → `. As we know, Ro is maximized for RE @ r, in which case Ro(max) 5 Ro(1 1 0). We now wish to demonstrate that using an op amp in the negative-feedback arrangement of we can maximize Ro for any value of R, so long as av is suffi ciently high. (a) Using the familiar test method, obtain an expression for Ro in terms of ro, gm, r, R, and av. (b) Under what condition for av is Ro maximized? Discuss the case ro 5 100 kV, gm 5 1y(50 V), r5 10 kV, and R 5 2 kV, compare with, and comment.
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