To develop a feel for the conductive properties of different materials available in IC technology, let us estimate the resistance R of a bar of the type of if it is 10-m long, 1-m thick, and 2-m wide (1 m 5 1024 cm), and is made up of the following materials: (a) pure silicon; (b) n2-type silicon with ND 5 1016/cm3 atoms of phosphorous; (c) p-type silicon with NA 5 1018/cm3 atoms of boron; (d) n1-type silicon with ND 5 1020/cm3 atoms of phosphorous; (e) p1-type silicon with NA 5 1020/cm3 atoms of boron; (f) aluminum, for which 5 2.7 V cm. Hint: recall from basic physics that R 5 LyA, where L is the bar’s length, A its cross-sectional area, and 5 1y[q(nn 1 pp)] is its resistivity; use the empirical formulas of to fi nd the mobilities.
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