Tiffany has a hard time trusting her friends because she believes they are irresponsible. Accordingly, when she makes dinner plans with one friend, she also makes backup plans with someone else, and...

Tiffany has a hard time trusting her friends because she believes they are irresponsible. Accordingly, when she makes dinner plans with one friend, she also makes backup plans with someone else, and she goes to one or the other. Her friends soon in turn begin to “blow off” their arrangements with Tiffany, because they are never sure whether she will show up. Tiffany thinks to herself, “See, I was right, my friends are irresponsible.” Which of the following best explains why Tiffany made this conclusion?

a. Accurate social perception due to controlled processes

 b. A self-fulfilling prophecy

c. Holistic thinking

d. Accurate social perception due to automatic processes