This assignment is the first draft for my LITERATURE REVIEW for my college English class. The draft is to be 3 full pages in length. Use the attached literature review questions and source books to pull information from.
David Williams Professor Dulin English 1C August 27, 2021 Creating Questions for Literature Review Essay In the current climate of the United States, it would be an understatement to say the topic of vaccinations are extremely divisive. In this essay, I will attempt to challenge the ideas of any potential reader in order to understand why people feel strongly one way or another. Question #1- Do you believe that healthcare is or should be a constitutional right? - If so, how should it be enforced? - How should it be funded? - Should someone be forced to accept coverage? Question# 2- Do you believe that you have a responsibility to protect others? - How accountable should someone be held to their medical decisions? - Should a person’s vaccination status be protected under the Privacy Act or HIPAA? - Should a person be barred from public activity due to ANY medical condition? Question#3- Do you believe that the government has the authority to mandate medical procedures - Should they be able to mandate medical treatments? - Should there be a limit/safeguards in place? - Who would be the entity to outline any restrictions to check the government Question#4- Do you believe the government should be able to direct social media entities to censor “misinformation”? - Should the government be responsible for protecting our vulnerable communities? - Should they be responsible for dictating what is misinformation, and what isn’t? - Do you believe that the means justify the ends as it pertains to freedom of speech? In conclusion, I believe it is safe to say that there is no easy way to manage the concept of vaccinations. In a time where compassion for others is highly regarded, there are lots of people who see mandatory vaccinations and lockdowns as measures for the greater good. Conversely, in a country founded on the concept of individual freedoms, the ability to make your own choices is what epitomizes being an American. Running Head: COLLEGE ESSAY1 COLLEGE ESSAY 2 Source 1 for Literature Review Topic Q1 Holtzman, J. N., & Schwartzstein, R. M. (2020). Health Care in the United States: Individual Right or Government Duty? Academic Medicine, 95(6), 868-871 Retrieved from https://education.med.ufl.edu/wordpress/files/2019/09/Health_Care_in_the_United_States__Individual_Right.97449.pdf (1) Holtzman, J. N., & Schwartzstein, R. M., in the article “Health Care in the United States: Individual Right or Government Duty?” published in Academic Medicine, in 2020, discuss the idea of health care that is a governmental duty instead of thinking it as the rights of individuals. (2) The authors interviewed the inhabitants of the Appalachian foothills in Ohio that if they considered healthcare as their right or not. (3) Holtzman believed that framing the discussion regarding universal health care, as a duty of government, instead of a right of individuals, would help us to better understand their democratic heritage and foster a more constructive dialogue in order to make the inevitable decisions regarding how much health care their society can afford. (4) When health care is framed as a right, it undermines people's sense of personal responsibility and, more generally, a right. The author reaches out to the community. (5) As Dr. Gawande learned through his talks with Ohioans1, many individuals in the United States refer to positive rights as entitlements. These talks may lose some of their emotional intensity when they are reframed to emphasize a societal obligation, for example. Source 2 for Literature Review Topic Q1 Longo, P., & Machida, S. (2021) A View of Health as a Human Right: A Snapshot from an Honors Program Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1346&context=nchchip (1) Longo, P., & Machida, S, in an article “A View of Health as a Human Right: A Snapshot from an Honors Program’, retrieved from National collegiate honor council https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/natlcollhonor, 2021. In which the consequences of a rights-based approach among honors students in the context of health care are examined. (2) Health entitlement and government accountability were among the questions posed of 71 students (April 2019). (3) Local, regional, national and global access to health care; budgetary responsibilities of the government at all levels. Rights-based health entitlements were all discussed in depth. In order to probity regressions, healthcare policy has become more inclusive and a universal healthcare system is preferred. (4) Honors students are more likely to view health as a human right, according to the data. Innovating curriculum can help pupils understand difficult challenges and deal with them. (5) According to the authors, honors programmers and their practitioners are ideally positioned to shed light on political concerns linked with healthcare, which are frequently many and confusing. Source 3 for Literature Review Topic Q2 Everett, J. A., Colombatto, C., Chituc, V., Brady, W. J., & Crockett, M. (2020). The effectiveness of moral messages on public health behavioral intentions during the COVID-19 pandemic Department of Psychology, University of Kent Retrieved from https://psyarxiv.com/9yqs8/download?format=pdf (1) Everett, J. A., Colombatto, C., Chituc, V., Brady, W. J., & Crockett, M., in the paper “The effectiveness of moral messages on public health behavioral intentions during the COVID-19 pandemic”, published in Department of Psychology, in Universities of Kent and Yale, in 2020. It shows that it is a moral obligation to change their habits to avoid the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic that threatens millions of lives. (2) Moral traditions were used as inspirations for their research of the persuasiveness of their teachings. Sample of US participants (N=1032) were exposed to non-moral reasons, utilitarian, virtue-based and deontological, for adopting social distancing practices during the COVID-19 epidemic, as well as communications from either a leader or citizen. (3) When it comes to COVID-19 interventions in the US, public health messaging that emphasizes the importance of obligations and responsibilities toward family and friends is a viable strategy for further investigations. (4) Author evaluated participants' self-reported intentions avoid social gatherings, to wash hands as well as isolate themselves, along with their views about other people's intentions, judgments of the messenger's morality and trustworthiness as well as their ideas about personal control and responsibility. (5) The utilitarian message was expected to be the most successful by the majority of participants, but they found no evidence that it was effective in influencing intents or beliefs. For this reason, author emphasize that their findings need to be replicated in other research and that their size is small, presumably due to ceiling effects on their measures of behavioral intentions. Source 4 for Literature Review Topic Q3 Wiley, L. F. (2020). Public health law and science in the community mitigation strategy for Covid-19. Journal of Law and the Biosciences, 7(1), lsaa019 Retrieved from https://www.scienceopen.com/document_file/bcbcf3c8-b251-4380-a6d1-004fc4c97077/PubMedCentral/bcbcf3c8-b251-4380-a6d1-004fc4c97077.pdf (1) Wiley, L. F. in the essay “Public health law and science in the community mitigation strategy for Covid-19”, published in Journal of Law and the Biosciences in 2020, Essay on the role of public health guidelines in adjudication of legal challenges to obligatory orders made as part of the community mitigation strategy for the Covid-19 epidemic. (2) Measures to protect communities may be required intermittently over the year or more it takes to produce and broadly disseminate a vaccine. (3) According to a research, non-pharmaceutical treatments across many layers will be required for at least three months in order to mitigate the peak consequences on the health system.(5) There are several invasive methods in various US jurisdictions that have yet to be tried because of the unusual nature of the Covid-19 issue. Based on modeling and planning activities, created in preparation for a new flu pandemic, the benefits are expected. Source 5 for Literature Review Topic Q4 Caled, D., & Silva, M. J. (2021). Digital media and misinformation: An outlook on multidisciplinary strategies against manipulation. Journal of Computational Social Science, 1-37 Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42001-021-00118-8.pdf (1) Caled, D., & Silva, M. J., in the journal “ Digital media and misinformation: An outlook on multidisciplinary strategies against manipulation”, published in Journal of Computational Social Science in 2021, the multidisciplinary debate on alternative techniques for dealing with disinformation was described as follows. In addition to journalistic and educational views, the government as well as computational opinions are included in this examination of the issue. (2) The study provides comprehensive evaluation with emphasis on investigating inter-disciplinary perspectives and diverse techniques utilized to prevent misinformation propagated by author's survey. (3) The authors’ purpose is to enhance their understanding of the mechanisms related to imparting wrong information, formulating an integrated view as well as discussing interdisciplinary and complementary responses. Thus, this is facilitating future research on a more holistic theoretical framework on the topic. (4) "Misinformation" is conceptualized and discussed by Caled D. As a result, audiences are more susceptible to disinformation, as explained in the next portion of the book. This is followed by a presentation of and discussion of several techniques for dealing with disinformation.(5) however, author also mentioned that It's important to note, however, that using these methods without regard to audience and communication medium is not a panacea for dealing with disinformation. These techniques are unsuccessful but they can also perpetuate false beliefs by engaging a wide variety of cognitive processes. References Caled, D., & Silva, M. J. (2021). Digital media and misinformation: An outlook on multidisciplinary strategies against manipulation. Journal of Computational Social Science, 1-37 Retrieved from https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42001-021-00118-8.pdf Everett, J. A., Colombatto, C., Chituc, V., Brady, W. J., & Crockett, M. (2020). The effectiveness of moral messages on public health behavioral intentions during the COVID-19 pandemic Department of Psychology, University of Kent Retrieved from https://psyarxiv.com/9yqs8/download?format=pdf Holtzman, J. N., & Schwartzstein, R. M. (2020). Health Care in the United States: Individual Right or Government Duty? Academic Medicine, 95(6), 868-871 Retrieved from https://education.med.ufl.edu/wordpress/files/2019/09/Health_Care_in_the_United_States__Individual_Right.97449.pdf Longo, P., & Machida, S. (2021) A View of Health as a Human Right: A Snapshot from an Honors Program Retrieved from https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1346&context=nchchip Wiley, L. F. (2020). Public health law and science in the community mitigation strategy for Covid-19. Journal of Law and the Biosciences, 7(1), lsaa019 Retrieved from https://www.scienceopen.com/document_file/bcbcf3c8-b251-4380-a6d1-004fc4c97077/PubMedCentral/bcbcf3c8-b251-4380-a6d1-004fc4c97077.pdf Last name:2 Name: Course: Professor: Date: Title: Covid-19 Vaccination Literature Review Vaccination as Constitutional Right Marco-Franco, Julio Emilio, et al. "COVID-19, Fake News, and Vaccines: Should Regulation Be Implemented?." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18.2 (2021): 744. Burt, Robert A. "The Supreme Court speaks—not assisted suicide but a constitutional right to palliative care." (1997): 1234-1236 The article, written by Marco-Franco et al., in International Journal of Environmental Research and