The thickness of a particular metal part of an optical instrument was measured on 121 successive items as they came off a production line under what was believed to be normal conditions. The results...


The thickness of a particular metal part of an optical instrument was measured on 121 successive items as they came off a production line under what was believed to be normal conditions. The results are shown in Table 4.5.
























































































































































Table 4.5: Thicknesses of Metal Parts, mm



3.40



3.21



3.26



3.37



3.40



3.35



3.40



3.48



3.30



3.38



3.27



3.35



3.28



3.39



3.44



 3.29



3.38



3.38



 3.40



3.38



3.44



3.29



3.37



3.41



 3.45



3.44



 3.35



3.35



3.46



3.31



3.33



 3.47



3.33



3.37



3.31



3.51



3.36



3.32



3.33



3.43



3.39



 3.39



3.28



3.33



3.25



3.28



3.30



3.41



3.39



 3.33



3.27



3.34



3.33



3.42



3.35



3.34



3.32



3.42



 3.31



3.38



3.44



3.37



3.35



 3.57



3.41



3.28



3.49



3.26



3.44



3.46



3.32



3.36



3.41



3.39



3.38



3.26



3.37



3.28



3.35



3.36



3.34



3.42



3.38



 3.39



3.51



3.44



3.39



3.36



3.35



3.42



3.34



3.36



3.42



3.38



3.46



3.34



 3.37



 3.39



3.42



3.37



 3.33



3.39



3.30



3.35



3.38



3.38



3.27



3.31



3.32



3.45



3.49



3.45



3.38



3.41



3.35



3.39



3.24



3.35



3.34



3.37



3.37



Thickness is a continuous variable, since any number at all in the appropriate range is a possible value. The data in Table 4.5 are given to two decimal places, but it would be possible to measure to greater or lesser precision. The number of possible results is infinite. The mass of numbers in Table 4.5 is very difficult to comprehend. Let us apply the methods of this section to this set of data.



May 26, 2022
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