The Roman Catholic art produced in New Mexico in the first half of the 19th century drew on Mexican and European prototypes but also developed a style and iconography that was unique to the region....

In the late 19th century, many European Americans claimed that there was more progress in assimilating Africans and Chinese than Native Americans, mostly because the former had been separated from their homelands and traditions, making their existence in the U.S. more dependent on assimilation (Sacred Art Pilgrim. 2018). In his picture of Virgin Mary on the banner of Cortes showcases that the regional impression over the iconography as well as the artistic expressions were driven from the local values and...