The results of a common standardized test used in psychology research is designed so that the population mean is 145 and the standard deviation is 30. A subject earns a score of 121. What is the z...

The results of a common standardized test used in psychology research is designed so that the population mean is 145 and the standard deviation is 30. A subject earns a score of 121. What is thez-score for this raw score? Do not round your answer.



z-score =