The members of the International Association of Machinists (IAM) were disturbed by the high price of oil and petroleum-derived products in the United States. They believed that the actions of the...

The members of the International Association of Machinists (IAM) were disturbed by the high price of oil and petroleum-derived products in the United States. They believed that the actions of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) were the cause of the high prices. Therefore, the IAM sued OPEC’s member countries in a federal district court, alleging that these countries’ price-setting activities violated U.S. antitrust law. OPEC raised the act-of-state doctrine as a defense. Who do you think won? Explain why.