The following total liabilities and stockholders* equity information (in millions) is provided for Papa John's International, Inc. (PZZA) and Yum! Brands, Inc. (YUM) at the end of a recent year: Yum!...

The following total liabilities and stockholders* equity information (in millions) is provided for Papa John's International, Inc. (PZZA) and Yum! Brands, Inc. (YUM) at the end of a recent year:

Yum! Brands is a much larger company than is Papa John's; however, both companies compete internationally in the fast food business. Papa John's is primarily in the carry-out and delivery pizza business, while Yum! Brands is in the quick-service restaurant business with its Pizza Hut, Taco Bell, and KFC brands.
a. Compute the ratio of liabilities to stockholders' equity for each company. Round to one dec­ imal place.
b. What conclusions regarding the margin of protection to creditors can you draw for these two companies?
c. Which company is more risky to creditors?

Extracted text: Papa John's Yum! Brands Total assets $495 $8,075 Total liebilities 444 7,164 Total stockholders' equity 51 911