The course is Human Services.Write a3-pagepaper on the below PPT, regarding agencies and environments. Answer thefollowingquestions.How will Long Island's non-for profits respond to...

Which of the theories from the PPT on Agency Environments do you think will be defining agencies trying to survive?






How would you use the competition vs. cooperation strategies for coping with the decline in resources?

Summary 2 SUMMARY OF FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT FOR HUMAN SERVICE ADMINISTRATORS: LAWRENCE L. MARTIN Table of Contents Summary3 Chapter 1: The Importance of Financial Management3 Chapter 2: Programs, Program Structures, Program Managers, and Responsibility Centers4 Chapter 3: Understanding Financial Statements4 Chapter 4: An Accounting Exercise5 Chapter 5: Financial Analysis6 Chapter 6: Performance Measurement7 Chapter 7: Budgeting and Budgeting Systems7 Chapter 9: Cost Analysis8 Summary Chapter 1: The Importance of Financial Management This chapter has effectively focused on the importance of financial management and the effectiveness of the prospects of financial management for human service administrators. This has provided an understanding of the concepts and tools required by human service administrators to enhance the context of financial management in the organization. The chapter has introduced the concept of Financial Management with a classical definition of financial management provided by Lohmann. In this, he has defined financial management as the control and use of money and other resources for achieving the organization's goals along with the standards maintained. This has also provided an understanding of why human service agencies need to give effective significance to financial management and has elaborated on the factors that relate to human service with the effectiveness of financial management in the organization. The chapter has effectively considered the relevant importance of financial management. It has elaborated the context of the maturation of human services, the accountability of the movement of resources, competition, social productivity, and economic growth with its relative effectiveness of financial management. The managed care and the context of maintaining these stakeholder trust and confidence is also relevant aspect of the financial management by the human administrators in the organization. The relevant aspect of competition and contract environment is also effective to define the nature of service organization and the effectiveness of the non-profit organization. This chapter has also provided the effectiveness of the adoption of financial management perspective to the administration of human service agencies. The basic concepts on principles of financial management across the various sectors are effective. The relative importance of the various financial management tools has been provided in this particular chapter. Chapter 2: Programs, Program Structures, Program Managers, and Responsibility Centers This particular chapter focuses on the identification of the human service agencies program and the creation of a program structure that is referred to as the basic building blocks of financial management. The administrators need to develop command of special programs that can help to expand the efficiency of the organization regarding financial management. This particular chapter has effectively considered the building blocks of financial management that identify the programs, create a program structure, assignment of the program managers, and designate the responsibility centers. This chapter has effectively focused on the different types of responsibilities centers that are concerned with the different types of financial accountability. The financial management aspects have always been a context for the types of responsibility centers. Descriptions and the context of different centers have been introduced. It also gives a brief idea about how the structure of the program looks and the effectiveness of the financial management and its associated effectiveness in the organization. Chapter 3: Understanding Financial Statements The third chapter provides a considerable amount of information regarding the purpose, content, and format of the financial statements. This chapter provides an effective view of how the accountant maintains a human service agency's financial books and records and prepared the financial statements. Several types of financial statements have been discussed and provide are a basic understanding of the appearance and formats of the financial statements. This also gives some preparatory and initial knowledge about the accounting principles like Generally Accepted Accounting Principles and Internal Revenue Service status. The effectiveness of the accounting principle has been provided with a review of the human service agency's financial statement. This also provides the effectiveness of the financial statements and financial reporting. The important financial reports that are significant for understanding the financial aspects of an organization and the various technical terms have been explained. The statement of activities for the agency provides additional information and formats like a profit and loss summary, a summary of the current and non-current assets and liabilities, a statement of the cash flows, and a statement of the functional expenses. The chapter also provided the purpose and the content of the financial statements that are prepared from the accounting books and records that are maintained by the human service agency. Chapter 4: An Accounting Exercise This particular chapter focuses on the topics of accounting and double-entry bookkeeping. The discussion in the chapter mainly focuses on the several accounting terms that are necessary. The chapter has effectively focused on the human service agency that maintains our discussion about the financial books and records and the accounting terms that have been introduced and discussed. This gives a brief elaboration about the transaction which is considered to be the basic unit of the analysis in accounting. The structure and the explanation of the T-account are provided. The general rules governing the accounts have been elaborated. The idea of trial balance and its purpose has been elaborated that focusing to ensure that the totals of all the account balances are themselves must be balanced. This also gives an account of the journal which is a chronological list of all the trends and focuses on the aspect of minimizing the errors that provide necessary information to help track down the mistake and correct it. This chapter has effectively focused on how the financial books on records of human agency are maintained by using the principles of accounting and double-entry bookkeeping. The effective process and the information that is contained in the agency's financial books on records to prepare various financial statements are also detailed. This also introduces the concept of financial accounting software and the task of maintaining the financial books and records which became more convenient in the present approach by using the software. It has also focused on the complexity and the changing nature of the accounting principle that every organization needs to have access to the services of qualified accounting professionals on staff or the organization's board of directors. Chapter 5: Financial Analysis This chapter has focused on how the information that is presented in the financial statements can be utilized to understand the financial condition of the organization. This has effectively discussed how financial statements use the information to understand the financial condition of the organization. This relates to the analysis of the financial statements and the methods of understanding the data that has been presented in the financial statement. Financial analysis has been defined and the use of financial analysis has been presented. This also presents of brief understanding in terms of the applicability of the financial analysis to the human service agencies that need to be advocated. The different financial ratios that are effective for considering and analyzing the financial condition of the organization have been elaborated. The different financial ratios that have been selected for the discussion are the current ratio, the long-term solvency ratio, the contribution ratio, the programs or the expense ratio, the fundraising expense ratio, and the revenue expense ratio. The concepts on the definitions of all ratios have been provided along with the formulas that are required to calculate these ratios have been provided. The purpose of all the financial measures has been elaborated and the effectiveness of those particular ratios along with their interpretation has also been provided. The purpose of the current ratio focuses on the aspect of assessing the organization's liquidity. The long-term solvency ratio focuses to understand the ability of the human service agency to pay short-term and long-term liabilities. Similarly, the revenue or expense ratio is developed to determine the capacity of the organization to make money or lose money. The contribution ratio is the focus to assess the organisation's dependency on its major source of revenue. The program ratio focuses to understand the majority of how much an organization spends on programs compared to administration. The fun racing ratio is developed to understand the ratio between the fund-raising expenses and the total expenses of the organization. This particular chapter has provided a brief consideration of the six financial ratios to determine the effective financial condition of the human service agency. Chapter 6: Performance Measurement This chapter provides the program performance measurement data that is combined with the budgetary data to enable the calculation of various efficiency and effectiveness of the performance ratios. These performance ratios are considered to enable the administration of the organization to use sophisticated financial management tools and techniques in order to contemplate an effective decision-making prospect within the organization. These ratios enable the administrators to utilize techniques that include advanced budgeting techniques, Cost Analysis, break-even analysis, fee setting, forecasting, and contracting. The chapter also provides the characteristics of good performance measured and has effectively based its relevance on the basis of the theoretical and empirical literature on performance measurement. The selection and the criteria of the good performance measure for a human service program and the relevant criteria have been effectively provided in this particular chapter. The determinant of the performance measures in financial management has been provided along with the consideration of the output performance measures, quality performance measures, and outcome performance measures. Chapter 7: Budgeting and Budgeting Systems This chapter has effectively examined the context of the performance and the program budgeting systems with elaborative examples for each of the following. It has effectively focused on how human service agencies must monitor the major budgeting systems. The chapter determined the effectiveness of the budgeting systems and the purpose served by each of the three major budgeting systems that have been identified. The three major budgeting systems that have been focused on in this particular chapter are line-item budgeting systems, performance budgeting systems, and program budgeting systems. The purpose of each budgeting system and its advantages and disadvantages have been significantly demonstrated in this particular unit. Accordingly, it provides that the line-item budget in the system relates to the inputs to the programs and answers the questions that the organization focuses on with an effective context of the expenses and approved budgets of the organization. The performance budgeting system relates the outputs to inputs and answers the question of how efficiently the problems of the organizations are given. The program budget systems relate the outcomes to the inputs and answer the questions about how effective the program of the organization performs. The development of the budgeting system has been elaborated and the processes along with its advantages and disadvantages with the proper format of each and every budgeting system have been provided. The effective utilization of the budgeting system by the various departments have been elaborated along with the contextual control and monitoring of the three types of budgeting system have been provided in this particular chapter. Chapter 8: Cost Analysis This particular chapter has focused on the effectiveness of the cost analysis. The context of the chapter has effectively focused on the prerequisites for using cost analysis. The effective process of the cost analysis has been provided. Direct and indirect costs have been identified along with the programs and the cost pool measures. The cost allocation of using the total direct cost and determining the total cost of each program has been utilized. The contextual aspect of cost per output and cost per outcome has been provided in this particular chapter. The chapter has also elaborated on the cost allocation methods and the program of line-item budgeting systems along with the context of the cost analysis. The effectiveness of the cost analysis in the budgeting system has been elaborated to determine the financial effectiveness of the organization. This has also elaborated on the contextual benefits and the effectiveness of the financial requirement in terms of addressing the differences between the budgetary systems and the contextual aspects of the financial analysis of the organization. The cost analysis provides the process of calculating the potential earnings from a situation or a project and effectively focusing on the substantial aspects that are associated with the total cost and the financial management of the organisation. It provides the organisation the predictions about the profits that can be gained from a particular approach and compare the estimated financial benefits from the cost of the organisation. The breakdown approach and the cost are relevant for disclosing and reporting on the context that are subject to improvement.  References Martin, L. L. (2016). Financial management for human service administrators. Waveland Press.