The continuous timing method in direct time study was used to obtain the element times for a worker-machine task as indicated in the table below. Element c is a machine-controlled element and the time...

The continuous timing method in direct time study was used to obtain the element times
for a worker-machine task as indicated in the table below. Element c is a machine-controlled
element and the time is constant. Elements a, b, d, e, and f are operator-controlled and
external to the machine cycle, and they were performance rated at 80%. If the machine
allowance is 25%, and the worker PFD allowance is 15%, determine (a) the normal time,
(b) the standard time for the cycle, and (c) the worker’s efficiency if the worker completes
360 work units working 7.2 hr on an 8-hour shift.