Suppose you conducted a study to determine if some people have the ability to predict which of two cards a poker player has been dealt for a poker hand. The study involves a single sample of people who claim to be “better than average poker players.” In the study, all participants are asked to view a poker player being given a card by the dealer. They are asked to judge from the player’s reaction whether the card dealt to the player is a card that will “complete a four of a kind hand” or “not complete a four of a kind hand.” They complete 100 judgment trials, and their overall percentage accuracy is calculated. In other words, across all trials, the participants have a 50% chance of being correct if they have no ability to interpret the player’s “poker face” (i.e., they are guessing). If they are able to interpret the player’s poker face, the participants should perform better than chance (50%) in correctly choosing which type of card the player has been dealt.
1. Using the chart in Figure 15.2 and what you know about the design of this study, what is the correct statistical test that should be used to analyze the data?
2. What is the null hypothesis that will be tested in the statistical test you described in (a)?
3. Suppose that 10 participants participated in the study. For the accuracy data provided below, use SPSS to conduct the correct statistical test to analyze these data.
Sample Accuracy Data: 50, 44, 51, 45, 52, 53, 52, 50, 56, 51
4. From the SPSS output you obtained, what can be concluded about the null hypothesis you stated in (b) above?
Now, consider a new study.