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Syrian Opposition & Civil War

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SYRIAN OPPOSITION
&
VIOLENT CIVIL WAR
(Why did the Syrian opposition begin as a non violent movement but ended up part
of a violent civil war which has so far cost 60,000 lives?)
Syrian Opposition & Civil War

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Table of Contents
Literature ...................................................................................................................................................... 2
References .............................................................................................................................................. 10
Literature
Syrian opposition is a process started by the individuals or the groups for opposing their
Ba’athist government for Syrian regime changes. After the Syrian civil war in the year 2011, all
these groups and individuals united together along with this they also got the international
support and formed Syrian National Council. It also got recognition by the country of Libya.
Later in November 2012, National Coalition for Syrian Revolutionary and Opposition
Forces was formed which later got recognition from Gulf Cooperation Council. In the beginning,
there were just the Syrian people who got united and formed this association but in the longer
run, it was united and joined by many other countries and even US intervention come in the
middle that if Syria uses the Chemical weapons and US gets any instance or evidence on this
then the President Barack Obama would take strict action against these parties who have got
against the government of Syria.
“Syria's civil war continues unabated in early 2013 amid an enduring international
deadlock over how to mediate the two-year-old conflict that has killed more than sixty thousand
people and displaced some seven hundred thousand more, according to the United Nations. In
recent weeks, the United States and its allies have expressed heightened concern over allegations
of chemical weapons being used in clashes near Aleppo. If such use is confirmed, President
Obama has said it would represent a "game-changer" in U.S. involvement in the civil war. The
unrest has also proved a magnet for global jihadists, including al-Qaeda-linked groups like
Syrian Opposition & Civil War

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Jabhat al-Nusra, fighting for the establishment of an Islamist state.”
(http://www.cfr.org/syria/syrias-crisis-global-response/p28402).
In 1963, Ba’ath Party took over the governance of Syria when it was under the Law of
Emergency. Emergency Law in Syria meant the following:
a. In order to monitor political drifts, five security agencies were made.
b. Martial Law was imposed by the Military Courts.
c. Political Cases are tried by the special Courts with no due process or respect to
human laws.
d. Torture of the Prisoners.
e. Bashar took over Syrian government after death of his father.
Syrian people formed groups and people got against the president Bashar al-Assad. They
wanted to overthrow his governance and were unhappy with his ruling. They also gained
international support from the various agencies. There was a meeting held on November 11,
2012 at Doha, Qatar and they decided that a new council has to be developed under some strong
leadership and over throw the governance of Bashar. And it was assumed and hoped by all the
people that National Council for Syrian revolutionary and Opposition Forces would be
considered as country’s only legitimate power and it was thought that this council will plan for
the military aid and other plan for the country’s ruling once Bashar is overthrown from Syrian
governance. The first president of this council was the person named Moaz-al-khatib who was
completely against Bashar and had criticized him a lot when he was living in Syria due to his in
competencies in ruling the government and country. This coalition helped all the people who
were needy and did not get any aid from the government. The major objectives of the National
Council were:
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1. Complete independence and sovereignty for the country of Syria – They wanted
that people democracy should rule the country and Bashad should no longer give his ruling for
the country. There has been a family tradition of ruling the country of Syria but they wanted to
break this tradition and wanted Syria to become free democratic country where people
collectively take their own decisions and as such no king or the family ruler gives his decisions
for ruling the nation.
2. Maintaining the unity among the people of Syria – If something has to be done
against the government then the entire nation should unite together and fight against the
government ruling. As such a single person can never work towards overthrowing the...