STUDENT INSTRUCTIONS: Diabetes-related vodcast questionsYou will have the opportunity to describe the pathophysiology and pharmacological management for a person suffering from Type 2 diabetes. We...

WRITTEN ASSIGNMENT        9
WRITTEN ASSIGNMENT
Table of contents
Introduction    3
Patient Profile    3
Question 1    3
Question 2    5
Question 3    7
Conclusion    8
References    9
Introduction
    We will talk about a fictional patient's Type 2 diabetes pathogenesis and pharmaceutical treatment today. To start, let us introduce our patient.
Patient Profile
    Mr. Smith, our patient, is a 55-year-old guy with a history of Type 2 diabetes in his family. Although he has a BMI that is within the usual range, his blood sugar levels are persistently high. Mr. Smith has a sedentary lifestyle and consumes a lot of processed sweets and harmful fats. He has been complaining of symptoms including thirst, exhaustion, and frequent urination. Based on these clinical symptoms and the findings of the laboratory tests, he has been diagnosed with Type 2 diabetes.
Question 1
A. The Aetiology of Type 2 Diabetes in Mr. Smith –
    According to Sumanasekera et al. (2020), type 2 diabetes mellitus is a complicated metabolic illness with a multiple etiology. Mr. Smith's Type 2 diabetes can be ascribed to both genetic susceptibility and lifestyle choices in this situation.
· Genetic Predisposition: Type 2 diabetes runs in Mr. Smith's family. An individual's vulnerability to this illness is greatly influenced by genetic factors. The function of beta cells, insulin sensitivity, and generation of insulin can all be affected by certain genes. These genetic components have raised Mr. Smith's chance of acquiring diabetes.
· Lifestyle Factors: The onset of Type 2 diabetes is greatly influenced by lifestyle choices. In Mr. Smith's case, his lifestyle decisions have been crucial:
· Abnormally High Calorie Intake: Consuming more calories than the body requires might increase the risk of obesity and insulin resistance. Despite having a BMI that is within the normal range, Mr. Smith's calorie consumption and bad dietary choices probably contribute to his diabetes.
· Unhealthy Eating Habits: Mr. Smith consumes a lot of processed sugar and bad fats in his diet. Consuming sugary foods and beverages in excess can cause weight gain and insulin resistance. By encouraging the buildup of fat deposits in tissues, especially those around the belly, high-fat meals might aggravate insulin resistance even further.
· Physical inactivity: Mr. Smith does not regularly participate in physical exercise and maintains a sedentary lifestyle. Insulin resistance and physical inactivity are closely related (Galicia-Garcia et al., 2020). Exercise makes muscles more sensitive to insulin, which makes it more difficult for glucose to enter cells.
B. Effects of Aetiology on Insulin Production, Release, and Binding –
· Insulin Production: To maintain normal blood glucose levels, Mr. Smith's pancreas first produces more insulin (hyperinsulinemia) in response to insulin resistance. But with time, his pancreas' beta cells can strain themselves to exhaustion and stop producing as much insulin. The blood glucose management is deteriorated by this decrease in insulin production (Berbudi et al., 2020).
· Insulin Release: The insulin release in Mr. Smith may be irregular. The pancreas may find it difficult to release insulin in a coordinated fashion when insulin resistance worsens. It might be...