Sourcebook #4 Directions are attached. No word count/limit.
Sourcebook #4 Goals • Practice finding research for your Literature Review essay. • Assess whether a source has credibility. • Accumulate another five sources to add to the ten sources you included in your last sourcebook submission. Directions: 1. Include the first 15 sources from Sourcebooks #1, #2, & #3 (sources 1-15). If you did not complete either Sourcebook #1, Sourcebook #2, or Sourcebook #3, you will need to complete them in order to get credit for this assignment. 2. Add 5 more sources to those that you collected for Sourcebook #1, #2, & #3 for a total of 20 sources. You cannot get credit for this assignment if you do not include the sources from sourcebook #1, #2, & #3. Sourcebook #3 Healthcare of the individuals is the duty of the government. In USA, it is the responsibilities of Food & Drug Administration (FDA) to ensure that the meat, poultry and various products are according to the standards prescribed by the US FDA and also helps to protects the people from the food-borne diseases. Further, the UD government in the 1960’s decided to provide free healthcare facilities to people over 65 years. In 1997, it was decided that the children from the modest family would have healthcare facilities. But the society decided to provide healthcare benefits to the most helpless population rather than providing the benefits to the children and the seniors of the society. Their protection must be done through the governmental safety regulation acts, hygienic water, proper immunizations and monitoring the air and atmosphere. It will be mandatory vaccination which is necessary for preventing the diseases and nurturing herd immunity. The US citizens were provided with the basic healthcare facilities with the help of Emergency Medical Treatment and Labour Act (EMTALA) which states that the hospitals in US have to provide emergency services to the patients irrespective of its ability to pay. Similarly, vaccination must be free and made compulsory for all the individuals in order to immunize them from getting infected and killed by the deadly corona virus disease (Holtzman, J. N., & Schwartzstein, R. M; 2020). In the ancient times there were belief that the healthcare needs to be provided to all people in an ethical manner. There are provisions in various countries of the world which have guaranteed some degree of public health and medical care while it US out of the 86 countries which does not guarantees its citizen any health protection. Further research studies suggests that it’s the honors students who have the ability to develop appropriate viewpoints on the social issues and can act as proxies for the future as community members and investigating on the way their efforts can impact the health entitlement as well as governmental duties for delivering healthcare facilities. Therefore, it’s the right to health (Leary, 1994) and emphasize on the significance of equality for discussing various issues related to healthcare (Leary, 1994; MacNaughton, 2009). Therefore, it’s the rights- based approaches which will encourage the students towards providing healthcare facilities to the community. They must be included in the covid-19 vaccination process which will help to vaccinate more people and minimize the spread of covid-19 in the community. Covid-19 have killed millions of people worldwide and is twice as transmittable than seasonal flu. The person may be infected to this disease yet they do not know of being sick. As a result, transmit this disease to the others unknowingly. According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention it is suggested that around 60% to 80% of the people are affected to covid-19 which results in killing of millions due to the unavailability of vaccines to control the disease (Fink, 2020, The New York Times; Ferguson et al., 2020). Therefore, the various measures to control the disease are of great significance where it’s the individual behaviour is crucial for controlling the spread of covid-19 (Anderson et al. 2020). According to the deontological framework its adhering to the duties and responsibilities which would emphasize on the intention of washing hands, adhering to the social distancing norms, avoiding assembly at social gatherings to minimize the effects of corona virus. To reduce the spread of corona virus globally, it’s the federal government, the state officials who exercises their extensive supremacy for the public health laws and announcement of emergency for concluding the businesses and restricting the people from outside their houses. These are community mitigation techniques needs to be implemented for reducing the severe impacts on the health system. The government have closed the schools in all the districts of US for controlling the spread of covid-19. Further, they have also closed the government and private offices as well as many businesses in order to reduce the spread of this disease amongst all. But due to these restrictions there have been devasting impact on the smaller businesses and particularly among the families and people with low-income (Wiley, L. F.; 2020). There have been instances of misinformation based on covid-19 from digital media and which are strictly dealt with based on legal strategies and are supervisory in nature. These comprises of amendment of news on social media, detention of the company leaders and the people spreading misinformation (Caled, D., & Silva, M. J.; 2021). There are also various other provisions like recognition and blocking false information, checking the actual facts and by capturing the actual news through mass publication (Roudik, P.; 2019). Covid-19 is a severe respiratory disorder which can be cured only by intake of vaccines and adhering to the social lifestyle norms. There have been instances of opening the FDI and emergency situation in United States for coping with covid-19 and providing vaccines to the people. The ultimate objective is to cure the virus for 95% and implement virus mitigation strategies for the entire US population which needs to be promoted by the government (Gostin, Lawrence O., Daniel A. Salmon, and Heidi J. Larson; 2021). Due to false media news and hoaxes about the vaccines side-effects people started to refuse to intake the vaccines. There has been concept of public health and security established by the US health department for promotion of vaccination program (Harrison, Emily A., and Julia W. Wu, 2020). There were several reasons due to which people have declined to take vaccinations. According to a survey it was found that only 72% of people decided to take vaccine in May while in September the rate dropped to 51%. The reasons were mainly political and also opposed to wear mask due to various religious reasons (Lewis, Jarrett Ramos, 2020). There have been cases of huge morbidity in United States which has cause huge disappointment among the people of indigenous background and elderly population of the country. As per the latest study it was discovered that approximately 58% to 69% of the US population will get vaccinated by the end of 2021. The survey has also proved the manner in which people from diverse background, gender, race and ethnicity have been vaccinated in United States (Volpp, Kevin G., George Loewenstein, and Alison M. Buttenheim, 2021). Further, covid-19 is on the verge of closure as most of the countries mostly affected to corona virus were able to manufacture vaccines and was able to immunize most of its people. Further, there has been establishment of equitable allocation of vaccines and guidelines for removing the misconceptions of vaccines among the people. Further, it was the frontline or healthcare workers who were being vaccinated first for treating the covid-19 patients effectively. This also consists of nurses, doctors and medical experts who were in frequent touch with millions of people in the day- to-day life (Gur-Arie, Rachel, Euzebiusz Jamrozik, and Patricia Kingori, 2021). Finally, vaccines were not given to the children instead to the adults above 45 years as they were at higher risk of being getting affected to the disease and are exposed to such contamination. There has been reports regarding the vaccination of children under the age of 12 and 18 years and have raised social issues for not vaccinating children. But the scientists were unable to edifice or formulate a vaccine which could immunize the children from corona virus as their studies are being hampered due to these pandemic situation (Plotkin, Stanley A., and Ofer Levy, 2021). Works Cited Holtzman, J. N., & Schwartzstein, R. M. (2020). Health Care in the United States: Individual Right or Government Duty? Academic Medicine, 95(6), 868-871 Retrieved from https://education.med.ufl.edu/wordpress/files/2019/09/Health_Care_in_the_United_S t ates__Individual_Right.97449.pdf Leary, V. A. (1994). The right to health in international human rights law. Health and Human Rights, 1(1), 24–56. MacNaughton, M. G. (2009). Untangling equality and non-discrimination to promote the right to healthcare for all. Health and Human Rights, 11(2), 47–63. Retrieved from: https://www.hhrjournal.org/2013/08/untangling-equality-and-non-discrimination-to- promote-the-right-tohealth-care-for-all Longo, P., & Machida, S. (2021) A View of Health as a Human Right: A Snapshot from an Honors Program Retrieved from: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1346&context=nchchip Fink, S. (2020, March 13). Worst-Case Estimates for U.S. Coronavirus Deaths. The New York; Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/13/us/coronavirus-deaths-estimate.html Ferguson, N. M., Laydon, D., Nedjati-Gilani, G., Imai, N., Ainslie, K., Baguelin, M., Bhatia, S., Boonyasiri, A., Cucunubá, Z., Cuomo-Dannenburg, G., Dighe, A., Fu, H., Gaythorpe, K., Thompson, H., Verity, R., Volz, E., Wang, H., Wang, Y., Walker, P. G., Ghani, A. C. (2020). Impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) to reduce COVID- 19 mortality and healthcare demand. 20. %09https:/education.med.ufl.edu/wordpress/files/2019/09/Health_Care_in_the_United_St%20ates__Individual_Right.97449.pdf %09https:/education.med.ufl.edu/wordpress/files/2019/09/Health_Care_in_the_United_St%20ates__Individual_Right.97449.pdf %09https:/education.med.ufl.edu/wordpress/files/2019/09/Health_Care_in_the_United_St%20ates__Individual_Right.97449.pdf https://www.hhrjournal.org/2013/08/untangling-equality-and-non-discrimination-to-promote-the-right-tohealth-care-for-all https://www.hhrjournal.org/2013/08/untangling-equality-and-non-discrimination-to-promote-the-right-tohealth-care-for-all https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1346&context=nchchip https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/13/us/coronavirus-deaths-estimate.html SOURCE BOOK #2 Literature Review Vaccination as Constitutional Right Marco-Franco, Julio Emilio, et