Short answer task will enable students to acquire advanced knowledge of humanitarian principles, evaluate the roles of actors, and critique current controversies of humanitarian assistance In this...

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Application of General Humanitarian Principles on the Case Studies Related to Rohingya Crisis
The WHO-based general humanitarian principles advocate the alleviation and prevention of human suffering in a manner to safeguard the dignity, health, and life of the vulnerable populations across the globe (WHO, 2019). UN IOM (UN International Organization for Migration) follows the same pattern and continues to assist the Rohingya refugees through the provision of displacement locations and shelters in Bangladesh (UN_News_Case_Study_1, 2017). UN IOM facilitates the construction of basic infrastructure and roads to improve the accessibility of the Rohingya refugees to the basic amenities and health care services. This intervention thoroughly complies with WHO humanitarian convention that advocates the protection of infrastructure and health care facilities for the vulnerable or stigmatized societies to effectively enhance their comfort level and wellness outcomes (WHO, 2019). The long-term humanitarian perspective emphasized by WHO is based on the reinforcement of necessary health care systems and processes not only to save precious human lives but also improve the health-related quality of life of the human populations. The case study 1 presents similar attempts by the UN migration agency through the expansion of primary health services and emergency care interventions for meeting the medical needs of more than 53000 Rohingya refugees across Bangladesh. Humanitarian aids administered by UN and social care organizations focus on the initiation of developmental efforts through fundraising, welfare activities, and communication interventions (Rysaback-Smith, 2015). UN migration agency has undertaken a range of welfare activities related to the establishment of deep-bore tube wells, 100 mobile toilets, and 660 emergency pit latrines for Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh. These welfare activities also facilitate the establishment of safe spaces for Rohingya women in the context of creating a safe environment conducive to their welfare and psychosocial support. WHO’s humanitarian drive mandates the administration of immunization interventions in the context of safeguarding children, adults, and elderly people from various communicable or contagious disease conditions (International_Review_of_the_Red_Cross, 2016). Accordingly, WHO in active coordination with Bangladeshi Ministry of Health and UNICEF (UN Children’s Relief Fund) continues to facilitate immunization campaign to safeguard 150, 000 Rohingya children from contagious conditions, including polio, rubella, and measles (UN_News_Case_Study_2, 2017). The dispensing of vitamin A capsules, syringes, and vaccines for Rohingya children is a UNICEF attempt to improve the immune system of vulnerable Rohingya children in the context of preventing the dissemination of potentially fatal communicable diseases. Dr. Liu’s speech regarding humanitarian crisis reveals high-level of atrocities that the Rohingya refugees continue to experience not only in their homeland (i.e. Myanmar) but also across their places of refuge (MSF_Case_Study_3, 2017). These circumstances warrant the utilization of a population-based approach for the systematic improvement of psychosocial health, disabilities, nutrition, shelter, wellness, safety, and socioeconomic status of Rohingya victims (WHO, 2019).
Implementation of Humanitarian Health Program Management Principles in the Case Studies
Bangladesh government in coordination with UNHCR, IOM, and OCHA continues to expand the health care facilities for the vulnerable Rohingya refugees. The 210 bedded hospital facility for Rohingya refugees attempts to provide them basic medical services near their confinements (MSF_Case_Study_3, 2017). This step indicates activation of WHO’s EWARS (Early Warning, Alert and Response Network) through the rapid deployment of humanitarian health actors in the context of expanding the scope of disease surveillance for the vulnerable populations (WHO, 2008). However, this type of health program management strategy is a subject of enhancement based on the limited number of medical facilities for one million Rohingya refugees. The case study 3 describes the enhancement of inpatient beds in MSF (MÉDECINS SANS FRONTIÈRES) medical facility in Kutupalong with the objective of increasing the medical treatment accessibility of the Rohingya refugees. The inpatient facility effectively manages the treatment of 800-1000 Rohingya patients while providing instant support to the individuals affected with dehydration and syncope. These health care efforts are entirely based on interdisciplinary coordination between the medical professionals, nurses, and social workers in the treatment facility. The health care activities in the humanitarian context utilize evidence-based program management approaches/principles to enhance the reproductive health and wellness of Rohingya women. These health program management principles are based on care coordination, quality of care, communication, community participation, managerial/technical capacity building, accountability, and human rights advocacy (IAWGORHIC, 2010). The humanitarian program management principles substantiate the need for reducing the non-communicable and communicable disease burden of the refugee populations (Pavli & Maltezou, 2017). Accordingly, MSF extended treatment interventions to greater than 3000 Rohingya individuals in the context of treating their diarrheal diseases and respiratory tract infections (MSF_Case_Study_3, 2017). The expansion of inpatient health facility for Rohingya people is based on the enhancement of primary and secondary treatment interventions. The improvement in health management approaches for the refugee population is based on the response against their individualized health needs and priorities that have emanated under the impact of disasters and atrocities in Myanmar. The humanitarian health program management approaches advocate the need for public health emergency preparedness for effectively treating a...