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PSY520 – Module 6
Answer Sheet
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Chapter 16:
16.9 Given the aggression scores below for Outcome A of the sleep deprivation experiment, verify that, as suggested earlier, these mean differences shouldn’t be taken seriously by testing the null hypothesis at the .05 level of significance. Use the computation formulas for the various sums of squares and summarize results with an ANOVA table.
    
    Hours of Sleep Deprivation
    
    
    Zero
    Twenty-Four
    Forty-Eight
    
    
    3
    4
    2
    
    
    
    5
    8
    4
    
    
    
    7
    6
    6
    
    
    Group Mean:
    5
    6
    4
    
    Grand Mean: 5
    Question:
    Steps:
    Calculations or Logic:
    Answer:
    Use the computation formulas for the various sums of squares and summarize results with an ANOVA table.
    What is the research hypothesis?
    56≠4
    
    What is the null hypothesis?
    5=6=4
    
    What are the degrees of freedom?
    Between Groups
Within Groups
    2
6
    
    What is the calculated ?
    
    6
    
    What is the calculated ?
    Total-SS(between)
    24
    
    What is the calculated ?
    
    30
    
    What is the calculated ?
    SS(between)/2
    3
    
    What is the calculated ?
    SS(within)/6
    4
    
    What is the F?
    MS(between)/MS(error)
    5.14
    Complete the ANOVA table:
    Source
    SS
    Df
    MS
    F Ratio
    Treatment (between)
    6
    2
    3
    5.14
    Error (within)
    24
    6
    4
    
    Total
    30
    8
    
    
16.10 Another psychologist conducts a sleep deprivation experiment. For reasons beyond his control, unequal numbers of subjects occupy the different groups. (Therefore, when calculating in SS between and SS within , you must adjust the denominator term, n , to reflect the unequal numbers of subjects in the group totals.)
    Hours of Sleep Deprivation
    Zero
    Twenty-Four
    Forty-Eight
    1
    4
    7
    3
    7
    12
    6
    5
    10
    2
    
    9
    1
    
    
    Summarize the results with an ANOVA table. You need not do a step-by-step hypothesis test procedure:
    Source
    SS
    df
    MS
    F
    Treatment (between)
    106.65
    2
    53.025
    13.69
    Error (within)
    34.86867
    9
    3.87
    
    Total
    140.92
    11
    
    
    If hand calculating, include formulas and calculations below. If using SPSS, include a picture, screenshot, or cut/paste of the output below.
    
    Question:
    Calculations or Logic:
    Answer:
    Are the results statistically significant? Yes or no?
    yes
    If appropriate, estimate the effect size with η2
    SS(between)/SS(Total)
    0.76
    If appropriate, use Tukey’s HSD test (with for the sample size, n) to identify pairs of means that contribute to the significant F, given that, and
    What is the HSD?
    
    HSD means Tukey’s Honestly Significant Difference.
    
    Which pairs are significant at the .05 level?
    Using the tukey’s HSD test t we found the given results.
    Group zero and Twenty four and Group 24 and 48 are Significant.
    If appropriate, estimate effect sizes with Cohen’s d.
    
    No need as we already had calculated effect size.
    Indicate how all of the above results would be reported in the literature, given sample standard deviations of s0= 2.07, s24 =1.53, and s48=2.08.
    inappropriate
16.12 For some experiment, imagine four possible outcomes, as described in the following ANOVA table.
    A.
    Source
    SS
    df
    MS
    F
    
    Between
    900
    3
    300
    3
    
    Within
    8000
    80
    100
    
    
    Total
    8900
    83
    
    
    B.
    Source
    SS
    df
    MS
    F
    
    Between
    1500
    3
    500
    5
    
    Within
    8000
    80
    100
    
    
    Total
    9500
    83
    
    
    C.
    Source
    SS
    df
    MS
    F
    
    Between
    300
    3
    100
    1
    
    Within
    8000
    80
    100
    
    
    Total
    8300
    83
    
    
    D.
    Source
    SS
    df
    MS
    F
    
    Between
    300
    3
    100
    1
    
    Within
    400
    4
    100
    
    
    Total
    700
    7
    
    
    Question:
    Calculations or Logic:
    Answer:
    How many groups are in Outcome D?
    
    4
    Assuming groups of equal size, what’s the size of each group in Out-come C?
    Count the total number of observations
    21 observation per group
    Which outcome(s) would cause the null...