Ridge regression is an alternative method to gain stability in cases of multicollinearity; it uses the modified coefficient estimator                     bˆ λ = (XTX + λIp) −1 XTy. Show that bˆ λ is...

Ridge regression is an alternative method to gain stability in cases of multicollinearity; it uses the modified coefficient estimator

                    bˆ λ = (XTX + λIp) −1 XTy.

Show that bˆ λ is continuous in λ. Suggest methods for computing bˆ λ.

Are the Householder and Givens transformations for annihilating the second element of a 2-dimensional vector the same?