Reflection 1 The 'Reflection Question' below is based on your reading assignment from the slide notes chapter XXXXXXXXXXThis assessment is to assess students learning outcome from CLO1 that is to...

Solution
Q1
How to Test a hypothesis?
1. Specify H0 and HA – the null and different hypotheses
(a) H0: E(X) = 10 (b) H0: E(X) = 10 (c) H0: E(X) = 10
HA: E(X) <> 10 HA: E(X) < 10 HA: E(X) > 10
Note that, in example (a), the choice values for E(X) will be either on top of or below the worth per H0. Hence, a two-tailedtest is termed for – that's, values for HA be each the higher and lower halves of the conventional distribution. In example (b), the choice values square measure below those per H0, whereas in example (c) the choice values square measure on top of those per H0. Hence, for (b) and (c), a one-tailedtest is termed for.
2. Determine the appropriate test statistic
A statisticpoint to test the hypothesis. A ‘test statistic’ ought to follow a likelihood distribution (Z, t, χ2 or F) or there ought to be a threshold price supported that H0 is ejected or accepted.
3. Determine the critical region
The region within which if the ‘test statistic’ falls, H0 is rejected. crucial region ought to be within the tail space. P-value- the tail probability; sometimes, the likelihood that the ‘test statistic’ is bigger (less) than its calculated price. If p-value is a smaller amount than a given ‘level of significance’ (say zero.05), H0 is rejected.
When p value > .10 → the observed difference is “not significant”
When p value ≤ .10 → the observed difference is “marginally significant”
When p value ≤ .05 → the observed difference is “significant”
When p value ≤ .01 → the observed difference is “highly significant”
Hypothesis testing
4. Compute the value of the test statistic
Say, a price of z calculated on the idea of a sample result's known as a computed z-value, and is denoted by the symbols zc or just z.
5. create call
If the calculated price of the check data point falls within the crucial region, then H0is rejected. once the calculated price lies within the acceptance region, H0is not rejected.
Alternativehypothesis 1
H0: No over 30% of the enlisted citizens in Santa Clara County casted a ballot in the essential political decision. p ≤ 30 .
Ha: More than 30% of the enrolled electors in Santa Clara County casted a ballot in the...