Read textbook Chapters 1-5 (pages 1-66) and prepare a synopsis (summary) of the contents about 1 page long for each Chapter (Chapters 1thru5 all in one WORD Document) and submit it to the Instructor...

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Answered Same DayMar 04, 2021

Answer To: Read textbook Chapters 1-5 (pages 1-66) and prepare a synopsis (summary) of the contents about 1...

Azra S answered on Mar 06 2021
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Chapter 1: Structure in Architecture
The first Chapter is an introduction to several concepts. It deals with the concept and purpose of structure creating an ardent comparison between natural structures and man-made structures. It also gives a brief synopsis on how the earlier dwellings of man were more of structures and how they developed through history. The history span covered starts from early Gr
eek edifices and through to Gothic cathedrals. Additionally the development of structure and architecture into the modern buildings including skyscrapers is also discussed.
In earlier times, structural engineers and architects were one and the same person. All the job of designing structuring and architecting was conducted by a single man, also often called Master-Builder.
In modern times, the roles of structural engineers and architects have diversified. However, there is a strong need for close cooperation between the architect and the structural engineer if good buildings are to be created and made..
•The main ideas presented in Chapter 1 revolve around structure. Structure can be defined as the external or internal armature that gives physical objects form and resistance to external forces. Essentially all buildings have structure.
•The nature of structure may differ from one construction to another. Structure may be created by humans or it may have occurred naturally. Earlier human being relied heavily on structures to create their homes. Gradually this changed to use of structure for aesthetic creations.
Eventually constructions grew complex and with the development of technology, materials and instrucments it became difficult for one person to know every aspect of constructions. This gave rise to diversification of speciality between engineers, architects and builders.
•Structures are not entirely unique and more often than not, are an imitation of nature itself. Man learned a lot about construction and structures through the structures occurring in nature. It is vitally important for architects and engineers to have cooperation and coordination. Only then can successful structures be constructed. Structural engineers and architects complement each other. Creating great building projects requires assistance from multiple engineering disciplines.
•Architecture has evolved and changed since earlier times. Today architecture is both an art and a science. The introduction of different types of building materials from stone and wood to steel, concrete, and composites has changed the construction industry considerably. It has led to the need of more expertise from different fields.
•In addition, the advent of computers has led to the simplification of very complex construction designs and catapulted construction into an era of daring creations with new and unprecedented structures.
Chapter 2: Building Loads and Codes
The second chapter is a discussion regarding the loads a structure endures and which it must resist in order to stand comfortably strong. It explains what dead loads and live loads are and how each must be dealt with. The weights of building materials are detailed along with the most common design loads for different types of structures.
Loads follow a set of international and local codes and builders and architects must keep these codes in view when considering a structure. Following these codes is necessary for safety concerns. Snow loads and wind loads and their effects on different areas in the United States are shown and discussed.
Different types of stresses and elongations that are imminent as a result of temperature changes and support settlements have been detailed along with techniques to reduce their effects. Other discussions include differences between static or slowly applied loads and dynamic loads. Dynamic loads, such as impacts, vibrations and earthquakes are described.
Some other basic concepts are also introduced such as resonance and fundamental periods of motion. Finally, a seismic intensity map for earthquake intensities over the...
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