Question 1CompleteMark 1.00 out of 1.00Not flaggedFlag questionQuestion textIt’s time to play “Who am I?” I am the first class of antibody to appear, so my presence indicates an active infection rather than an infection that occurred in the past. I can fix complement, which is an important defense against many bacterial infections. I am found in plasma as a pentamer
a.IgE
b.IgG
c.IgD
d.IgA
e.IgM
Question 2CompleteMark 1.00 out of 1.00Not flaggedFlag questionQuestion textWhich one of the following is most likely to induce an IgM antibody response without the participation of helper T cells?
a.Toxic shock syndrome toxin
b.Tetanus toxoid
c.Pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide
d.Pneumococcal polysaccharide conjugated to diphtheria toxoid
e.Diphtheria toxoid
Question 3CompleteMark 0.00 out of 1.00Not flaggedFlag questionQuestion textRegarding Th-1, Th-2, and Th-17 cells, which one of the following is the most accurate?
a.The production of Th-1 cells is enhanced by interleukin-4, whereas the production of Th-2 cells is enhanced by interleukin-2
b.Th-17 cells produce interleukin-17, which stimulates the production of Th-2 cell
c.Th-2 cells synthesize gamma interferon, which is important in controlling infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus and other pyogenic bacteria
d.Th-1 cells are involved with delayed hypersensitivity reactions, such as those that control infections caused by M. Tuberculosis
e.All choices regarding T cells are correct
Question 4CompleteMark 1.00 out of 1.00Not flaggedFlag questionQuestion textA polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN):
a.Has granules that stain with eosin
b.Is closely similar to a mast cell
c.Is not a professional phagocytic cell
d.Is a bone marrow stem cell
e.Contains microbicidal cytoplasmic granules
Question 5CompleteMark 1.00 out of 1.00Not flaggedFlag questionQuestion textWhich of the following does the mononuclear phagocyte system NOT include?
a.Kupffer cells
b.Monocytes
c.Kidney mesangial cells
d.Endothelial cells
e.Lymph node medullary macrophages
Question 6CompleteMark 0.00 out of 1.00Not flaggedFlag questionQuestion textA blood sample from an individual with systemic lupus erythematosus was studied in a research project mapping T-cell receptor specifi cities. Many T cells were discovered to express receptors specific for autologous antigens. Failure of which process in the thymus leads to the large number of autoreactive T cells in the patient’s blood?
a.Receptor editing
b.Negative selection
(E) Receptor editing
c.Affinity maturation
(B) Antigen processing
(C) Hematopoiesis
(D) Negative selection
(E) Receptor editing
d.Antigen processing
e.Hematopoiesis
Question 7CompleteMark 0.00 out of 1.00Not flaggedFlag questionQuestion textAcute inflammation characteristically involves:
a.Constriction of arterioles
b.Influx of macrophages
c.Influx of neutrophils
d.Influx of mast cells
e.Capillary endothelial cell enlargement
Question 8CompleteMark 0.00 out of 1.00Not flaggedFlag questionQuestion textPattern recognition receptors (PRR) include which of the following?
a.Lipoteichoic acid
b.Unmethylated CpG sequences
c.Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
d.Pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)
e.Lectin-like molecules
Question 9CompleteMark 1.00 out of 1.00Not flaggedFlag questionQuestion textUnlike antibodies, the T cell receptor (TCR)………..
a.T cell receptor does not recognize antigens at all.
b.None of the above
c.Can only recognize processed antigens presented on the surface of an antigen presenting cell.
d.Can recognize unprocessed or whole antigens.
e.Can recognize antigens without the help of MHC molecules
Question 10CompleteMark 0.00 out of 1.00Not flaggedFlag questionQuestion textComplement component C3 is cleaved by:
a.C3bBb
b.Factor H
c.Factor B
d.Factor D
e.C3b
Question 11CompleteMark 0.00 out of 1.00Not flaggedFlag questionQuestion textRegarding antibody-mediated immunity and cell-mediated immunity, which one of the following is the most accurate?
a.Antibody-mediated immunity protects against anaphylactic shock
b.Antibody-mediated immunity helps prevent graft rejection.
c.Cell-mediated immunity protects against fungal infections.
d.Antibody-mediated immunity protects against autoimmune
e.Cell-mediated immunity neutralizes extracellular viruses.
Question 12CompleteMark 1.00 out of 1.00Not flaggedFlag questionQuestion textWhich of the following is NOT produced following activation of the NADPH oxidase microbicidal pathway?
a.O2
b.NO
c.O2-
d.H2O2
e.OH
Question 13CompleteMark 1.00 out of 1.00Not flaggedFlag questionQuestion textWhich of the following does NOT protect body surfaces?
a.Mucus
b.Gastric acid
c.Salivary amylase
d.Skin
e.
Gut microflora
Question 14CompleteMark 0.00 out of 1.00Not flaggedFlag questionQuestion textRegarding the genes that encode antibodies, which one of the following is most accurate?
a.The gene for the constant region of the gamma heavy chain is first in the sequence of heavy chain genes, and that is why IgG is made in greatest amounts
b.Hypervariable regions are encoded by the genes of both the light and heavy chains
c.The genes in the constant region are different from the heavy chains
d.The genes for the light and heavy chains are linked on the same chromosome adjacent to the HLA locus
e.During the production of IgG, the light and the heavy chains acquire the same antigen binding sites by translocation of the same variable genes
Question 15CompleteMark 1.00 out of 1.00Not flaggedFlag questionQuestion textCertain components of our immune system are characterized by two attributes: being able (1) to respond specifically to microbes and (2) to exhibit memory of having responded to a particular microbe previously. Which one of the following has BOTH specificity and memory?
a.Dendritic cells
b.Basophils
c.B cells
d.Neutrophils
e.Macrophages
Question 16CompleteMark 1.00 out of 1.00Not flaggedFlag questionQuestion textWhich one of the following sets of cells can present antigen to helper T cells?
a.B cells and dendritic cells
b.B cells and cytotoxic T cells
c.Neutrophils and plasma cells
d.Neutrophils and cytotoxic T cells
e.Macrophages and eosinophils
Question 17CompleteMark 0.00 out of 1.00Not flaggedFlag questionQuestion textA patient with advanced metastatic melanoma decides to join an experimental treatment protocol in the hope that it will cause regression of his tumor masses. Malignant cells are aspirated from several of his lesions and transfected in vitro with the gene encoding IL-3 production. The transfected tumor cells are then reinfused into the patient. Mobilization of which of the following cells from the bone marrow would be likely to result from this treatment?
a.lymphocytes
(C) NK cells
(D) Plasma cells
(E) T lymphocytes
b.Antigen-presenting cells
c.NK cells
d.T lymphocytes
e.Plasma cells
Question 18CompleteMark 1.00 out of 1.00Not flaggedFlag questionQuestion textThe membrane attack complex consists of:
a.OH
b.Which of the following statements is TRUE of C3b?
c.Colicins
d.C5b,6,7,8,9
e.C3bBb3b
Question 19CompleteMark 0.00 out of 1.00Not flaggedFlag questionQuestion textWhich one of the following is an attribute of the innate, rather than the adaptive (acquired), arm of our host defenses?
a.Is highly specific in its response to bacteria
b.Responds to viruses and fungi, but not bacteria
c.Exhibits memory following exposure to bacteria
d.Is part of our host defense against bacteria but not against fungi
e.Is as effective the first time it is exposed to bacteria as it is
Question 20CompleteMark 0.00 out of 1.00Not flaggedFlag questionQuestion textThe activation of a CD8-positive T lymphocyte requires presentation of antigen in association with which one of the following?
a.Class II MHC protein and synthesis of interleukin-4 by CD4 T lymphocytes
b.Class II MHC protein and synthesis of interleukin-1 by microphages
c.Non of the above
d.Class I MHC protein and synthesis of gamma-interferon by macrophages
e.Class I MHC protein and synthesis of interleukin-2 by CD4 T lymphocytes