HI IS MULTIPLE CHOICE

QUESTION 1
1. Consider the following argument:
1. Sheila feels that athletics are overvalued at universities.
2. Anyone who feels that athletics are overvalued at universities is tall.
3. Therefore Sheila is tall. 
    
    
    The argument is valid.
    
    
    The argument is invalid.
    
    
    The argument is both valid and invalid.
    
    
    The argument is neither valid nor invalid.
    
    
    
Answer) The correct Answer is A.
Explanation: Sheila is one who feel that the athletics are overvalued and hence is tall.
QUESTION 2
1. Consider the following argument (*hint: it may help to draw a Venn diagram):
1. All colors are bright.
2. Red is bright.
3. Therefore red is a color.
    
    
    The argument is valid.
    
    
    The argument is invalid.
    
    
    The argument is both valid and invalid.
    
    
    The argument is neither valid nor invalid.
Answer) The correct answer is B.
Explanation: All colors are bright, but items that are bright need not be a color and hence the argument is not a valid statement.
(However still red is color but it is not deduced from the argument – this argument is not a valid argument.)
QUESTION 3
1. Consider the following argument:
1. The Bangles are a band from the 1980s.
2. All bands from the 1980s are awesome.
3. Therefore, the Bangles are awesome.
    
    
    The argument is valid.
    
    
    The argument is invalid.
    
    
    The argument is both valid and invalid.
    
    
    The argument is neither valid nor invalid.
Answer
The correct Answer is A
The argument is a valid argument since bangles is band from 80s and hence is awesome
QUESTION 4
1. Consider the following argument (hint: this is difficult - it may help to draw a Venn diagram.)
1. Every president is smart.
2. Every president is a politician.
3. Therefore, every politician is smart.
Hint: when you draw the diagram, not all of the circles have to be concentric.  That is, it's possible for some to overlap like this:
    
    
    The argument is valid.
    
    
    The argument is invalid.
    
    
    The argument...