Psychology Casework Since he was a boy, Tim Lévesque has always loved sports. From football and basketball in high school through ruby in college, Tim enjoyed the hours of training, the satisfaction...

Psychology Casework

Since he was a boy, Tim Lévesque has always loved sports. From football and basketball in high school through ruby in college, Tim enjoyed the hours of training, the satisfaction of mastering complex plays, and especially the thrill of facing challenging competitors. He remained physically active in the years that following and spent many evenings and weekends coaching his son Adam’s little league baseball team. He continued to challenge himself to learn new skill, as when he took up bowling and practiced regularly until he was good enough to join a league.
Six month ago, Tim suffered a stroke while he was talking his morning jog. Immediately afterward, much of the right side of Tim’s body was paralyzed and he was having great difficulty trying to talk. Why Aden the hospital, he barely recognized his strong, active father now lying weak and incapacitated in a hospital bed. Although his physicians could not give him a clear prognosis. Tim was determined to regain his strength and mobility and fully resume his active lifestyle.
Today Tim has not quite reached his goal, but he has made a remarkable recovery .he is out of the hospital and receiving regular physical therapy. His speech has returned with only occasional difficulty,
And he is able to walk and move well enough to return to work. He can’t quite manage to roll a 12-pound
Bowling ball with the ease and accuracy as he previously could, but that doesn’t bother him much. What really excites Tim is the ever increasing like hood that he’ll be back to coach Adam’s team next season.

1. 
   Is there any evidence to suggest which hemisphere of Tim’s brain suffered damage due to stroke?
   

Tim suffered a stroke and paralyzed right side of his body. From the result of his symptom, Tom’s left side of hemisphere the brain would be damage by the stroke.
(Returned, because need to utilize own words)

As it’s a well known fact that left part of the brain controls the functioning of right part of the body and vice versa therefore; left hemisphere of Tim’s brain might be suffering from damage.

1. 
   What imaging technology would best reveal the location and extent of damage to Tim’s brain produced by his stroke, and why?
   

MRI scans would be a best reveal his hemisphere of the brain.
Moreover, stroke necessary provide accurate of imaging technology which involved small blood vessels, these examine would be best for MRI.
(Returned, because need to utilize own words)

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) may prove to be helpful here as; it is a modern, noninvasive diagnostic tool which is able to provide a high level of anatomic details so that, stroke can be located and the extent of damage could be determined. MRI is specifically preferred because of its sensitivity as; the images produced by it can reflect stroke involving small blood vessels as well (
Del Zoppo et al. 2009).

1. 
   If physicians did not have any means of viewing the damage to Tim’s brain directly what other clues might they have to the location of the damage? Where might the damage be if Tim had lost his vision after the stroke? Where might it be if he lost sensation on the left side of his body? Where might it be if his personality suddenly changed?
   

We can find Tim’s brain diagnosis depend on which function impair after his stroke, For example,human’s hemisphere contains different function, as of the corpus callosum and is ticker out layer, which also divided right and left and is made by millions of nerve fibers. Therefore it can automatically focus the location of his brain damage by the different symptom before and after the stroke.
If Tim would be suffer for visual problems, a stroke affection the right side of hemisphere. It damaged sensory area, occipital lobe, which one relating to sight.
If Tom lost left side of his sensation, he had damage of right side of hemisphere -sensory integration.
If Tim changes his personality, it might damage of right side of hemisphere and change in the synaptic connection between neurons.
(Returned, because need to utilize own words)

There are several ways (except imaging technologies) which can prove to be helpful in diagnosis of the damage’s location. For instance; two hemispheres of the brain control different functions hence; if a particular function is impaired after stroke then it can automatically indicate which specific part of the brain has been damaged.


If Tom lost his vision after the stroke, it might damage of sensory area, occipital lobe, because one relating to sight. Also might has change of the thalamus,


If Tom lost sensation of left side of his body, which would lost right side of the sensory area of cortex.

1. 
   Explain how the endocrine system played a role in keeping Tim’s body performing optimally whether he was exercising strenuously or relaxing .how might Tim have been able to manipulate his endocrine system function to enhance his athletic performance, if he so chose? What might be some Risks of doing so?
   

Stimulus will revitalize endocrine system, because it would increase level of adrenaline into the brain nerve system. It would assist the hormone in the fighting element. Vice versa, in non-competitive situation of stimulus will support relaxation.
Therefore Tim’s athletic performance might be able to manipulate by stimulating of adrenaline, which will create via intake of the drug. But it should avoid, because it had a risk for side effect or addictions.
(Returned, because need to utilize own words)

Though level of such hormones might be transformed for enhancement of performance via intake of drugs such as; caffeine, amphetaminesetc. which are able to stimulate the body yet, these should be avoided as; such drugs can make a person addicted of them and can introduce



anxiety, blurred vision, sleeplessness and dizziness, irregular heartbeat and even physical collapse etc. health complications (
Del Zoppo et al. 2009).

1. Describe the brain phenomena that are chiefly responsible for Tim’s recovery of lost speech and motor functions. How likely do you think Tim is to completely return to his pre stroke level of functioning, and why?

Brain plasticity or neuroplasticity refers to change Tim’s recovery of brain from damage of his stoke, because brain has the abil­ity to reor­ga­nize itself by form­ing new con­nec­tions between neurons of the human cell. And in order to recon­nect, the neu­rons need to be stim­u­lated through activity.
Therefore, it would possible to re-function of Tim’s speech and his motor.
Provided certain brain research, chemical infusions might possibly improve Tim’s neurons but to avoid side effect of chemical reaction, I would recommend to take healthy life style and adoption of appropriate therapy for revitalize his brain cell.
(Returned, because need to utilize own words)

Brain plasticity


or neuroplasticity (the lifetime capability of the brain to rearrange neural pathways derived from new experiences)


can be termed responsible for

Tim’s recovery of lost speech and motor functions.



It might be supported by chemicals that are naturally produced by the body and assist in improvement of its motor skills after a stroke by motivating unhurt nerve fibers to develop new links in the brain and spinal cord. According to researchers, infusions of such chemicals can improve the functions of the brain in a significant manner

so, in my opinion, Tim may also reflect a complete recovery via adoption of appropriate therapeutic procedures and healthy life style (Furie et al., 2011).


Part 2

Jean sweatband the woman with too many hats
Jean sweat land never expected that she would one day have so many different hats to wear.
But now, in her early forties, when jean comes from her full-time job as a nurse and takes off her nurse’s cap, it seems through her day has barely started. With two teenage children living at home, jean next must put on her mother’s hat and enforce household rule, dispense advice, help with homework or just provide a shoulder to cry on. Before her husband comes home from his job, jean has to pop on her chef’s hat and get dinner started, the mind’s cap will come out later, when jean does the family’s laundry and cleans the bathrooms. As if all this weren’t enough, the responsibility has fallen to jean for looking after her aging mother as well. Two or three evenings a week jean slips on daughter’s hat and makes the trip across town to her mother’s house, where she spends an hour or so paying bills, restocking the cupboards, and helping with other household chores.
Jean loves her family and she tries very hard to be the mother, wife, and daughter that they all need her to be-but the conflicting demands on her time are stressful and often tiresome.in recent months jean has increasingly found herself wondering what because of her own wants and needs, and she has begun
Asking herself hard questions about the direction her life is headed.
1-how typical is the sweet land family structure? In what ways is jean’s situation typical of women her age?
Answer
Sweet land family structure common American society, it can view from the history of United States that female protect children and house work. Since early 20 century, most female had to attend only college enough to be good wife and mother. I believe if female want to stand up in society these day, it would have only way to be a missionary. Therefore suffrage movement in United States made large impact toward women in the age of 40 plus. Also these ages might change female hormone and emotionally concentrate toward middle age.
(Returned, because need to utilize own words)

Sweet land’s family structure can be called common as; most of the families in our society are managed by females in the same way. In fact, females are expected to perform several family responsibilities as defined above and sometimes it appears that there is no option for them but because of such high expectations and work load, females especially who are 40 plus often become the victim of depression. It might occur because of reduction in their physical power with the passage of time as well as due to changes introduced via menopause condition. Whatever is the reason but, after this entire situation is concerning for society as; it might destroy the whole societal structure (
Bartley et al., 1992).

2-what would be your best guess as to jean sweet land’s parenting style, and why do you think so?
Answer
I believe most mother expect the future of own children, therefore Sweet land family try their best to focus children and not only care of the family but also showing own behavior and action toward children. Also Sweet land family tries to provide communication with children. These style should transcend from ancestor, grandmother of the children, parenting should learned by their experience.
(Returned, because need to utilize own words)

In my opinion, Jean tries to provide best care to her children and expects negligibly. She takes care about their physical need as; nutrition, clothes as well as intellectual needs and rarely impose any discipline over them. Therefore; the parenting style adopted by Jean can be considered ‘Permissive one’ (
Arber, 1997).

3-describe the stage of social development that jean sweet land’s adolescent children are most likely experiencing in what ways might their own development be influencing jean’s?
Answer
Jean’s adolescent children also the time of hormone change, and seek them for own identity. Therefore it might catch Jean’s feelings and they will be able to judge parents with self-capacity and try to take some distance from family formality. It can see often not only United States but also over the world.
Also sweet land’s adolescent children are always look at Jean’s discipline which typical parents who try to transcend perfect family, but children faces own frustration to accomplish academic and personal challenge.
(Returned, because need to utilize own words)

Jean’s children are passing through a transitional stage in which an individual consists of lot of stamina but lacks the understanding how to use it. This stage can be termed as; confusing for teen agers as well since; they have to face regular academical and personal challenges during it but, they might find it difficult how to deal with those because of insufficient experience (
Arber, 1991). Parents also feel stress in this stage as; they are expected to guide their children in the best so that they could realize that they are not alone. Therefore; this stage does not induce the growth of children only but also of parents in various aspects.

4-if you were jean’s physician, how would you explain to her the change that might be occurring in her aging mother?
Answer
Jean entered 40 plus and needs to prevent depression or/and behavior change caused by her hormone balance. Also, type of Jean’s personalities are easy to enter the depression if she couldn’t accomplish own promise, because she has already illustrated the image of perfect family. Therefore Jean doesn’t need to be a perfect mother, have some relaxation with some sport or whatever she intend, and recommend to writing any feeling or the complaint on her own diary.
(Returned, because need to utilize own words)

, I would say to Jean that her mother is getting weak physically as well as mentally but, it’s not due to any carelessness shown by her. In fact, it’s the part of normal ageing procedure. I will also appreciate Jean’s caring attitude and would advise her to take care herself also as; she is like a chain which is needed to be strong so that, she could unite all the members of her family in a bond of love and care

(Arber, 1997).

5-Describe how jean might react if her mother were to die? What stage of grief might she pass through?
Answer
I assume, if Jean encountering her mother’s death, she will enter deep philosophical stage to find death and life. Also she might search own self that “Where I am coming from and where you going?” Moreover, she might hold her grief and sympathy, but she will determine to departure toward next decade without any regret. Because I see Jean’s respect toward her mother through her attitude and thinking toward her family, and I have confidence that Jean will enter the transition of her life to do something new when she encounter her mother’s death.
(Returned, because need to utilize own words)

Since; Jean is too caring to all so, she might feel guilt because of her mother’s death. Actually, she is like such persons who try to reflect perfection and when they could not perform as per the standards set by them then feel inferior. These persons should understand that everyone has his own limits and the care she is providing to her mother is the best she can give.



Therefore; she should accept the fact that her mother’s death is due to God’s will not because of her carelessness as; all of us would have to face it one day (
Bartley et al., 1992).


References


http://www.sharpbrains.com/book/


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasticity_%28brain%29


http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-brain-plasticity.htm


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plasticity_%28brain%29


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain


http://www.ehow.com/about_5218670_brain-hemisphere-functions.html


Arber

S. Class, paid employment and family roles: making sense of structural disadvantage, gender and health status. Soc Sci Med. 1991; 32 (4):425–436.


Arber

S. Comparing inequalities in women's and men's health: Britain in the 1990s. Soc Sci Med. 1997;

44773–787.


Bartley
, M., Popay, J. and Plewis, I. (1992) Domestic conditions, paid employment and women's experience of ill-health, Sociology of Health and Illness,

14313–343.


Del Zoppo GJ, Saver JL, Jauch EC, Adams HP Jr: American Heart Association Stroke Council,



(2009). Expansion of the time window for treatment of acute ischemic stroke with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator: a science advisory from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association.
Stroke
. 40, 2945-2948.



Furie KL, Kasner SE, Adams RJ, Albers GW, Bush RL, Fagan SC, et al. (2011).Guidelines for the



prevention of stroke in patients with stroke or transient ischemic attack: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association.Stroke. 42, 227-276.