Prepare a document to prove BRAZIL"Assets" based on :
Economic, Political and Strategic Aspects.
At the National, Regional, and International level.
Bibliographies should be included.
NO OTHER SOURCES WILL BE ACCEPTED. ONLY THE SOURCES PROVIDED CAN BE USED:
Foreign Affairs : https://www.foreignaffairs.com/
EU Institute for security studies: https://www.iss.europa.eu/
International Institute for Strategic Studies: https://www.iiss.org/
World values survey: http://www.worldvaluessurvey.org/wvs.jsp
by region you have :
Eurobarometer : https://ec.europa.eu/commfrontoffice/publicopinion/index.cfm
Afrobarometer: https://www.afrobarometer.org/
Asianbarometer: http://www.asianbarometer.org/
Americasbarometer : you can have here information about indigenious people also : LAPOP : Latin American Public Opinion project , on 2 University websites : https://www.vanderbilt.edu/lapop/about-americasbarometer.php ; https://mdl.library.utoronto.ca/collections/numeric-data/microdata/americas-barometer
NGOs websites
Books uploaded.
Note: These documents will be used as argumentation for the debate on why BRAZIL is powerful so it should be factual.
Palgrave Studies in International Relations Series General Editors: Knud Erik Jørgensen, Department of Political Science, University of Aarhus, Denmark Audie Klotz, Department of Political Science, Maxwell School of Citizenship and Public Affairs, Syracuse University, USA Palgrave Studies in International Relations, produced in association with the European International Studies Association (EISA), will provide students and scholars with the best theoretically informed scholarship on the global issues of our time. Edited by Knud Erik Jørgensen and Audie Klotz, this new book series will comprise cutting-edge monographs and edited collections which bridge schools of thought and cross the boundaries of conventional fields of study. Titles include: Mathias Albert, Lars-Erik Cederman, and Alexander Wendt (editors) NEW SYSTEMS THEORIES OF WORLD POLITICS Robert Ayson HEDLEY BULL AND THE ACCOMMODATION OF POWER Gideon Baker (editor) HOSPITALITY AND WORLD POLITICS Joshua Baron GREAT POWER PEACE AND AMERICAN PRIMACY The Origins and Future of a New International Order David Cadier and Margot Light RUSSIA’S FOREIGN POLICY Ideas, Domestic Politics and External Relations Christopher Daase, Caroline Fehl, Anna Geis, and Georgios Kolliarakis (editors) RECOGNITION IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS Rethinking a Political Concept in a Global Context Raffaella A. Del Sarto (editor) FRAGMENTED BORDERS, INTERDEPENDENCE AND EXTERNAL RELATIONS The Israel-Palestine-European Union Triangle Toni Erskine and Richard Ned Lebow (editors) TRAGEDY AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS The Future of Liberalism in International Relations Rebekka Friedman, Kevork Oskanian, and Ramon Pachedo Pardo (editors) AFTER LIBERALISM? H. Richard Friman MIGRATION, CITIZENSHIP AND THE CHALLENGE FOR SECURITY An Ethnographic Approach Gian Luca Gardini and Maria Hermínia Tavares de Almeida (editors) FOREIGN POLICY RESPONSES TO THE RISE OF BRAZIL Balancing Power in Emerging States Gunther Hellmann and Knud Erik Jørgensen THEORIZING FOREIGN POLICY IN A GLOBALIZED WORLD Niv Horesh and Emilian Kavalski (editors) ASIAN THOUGHT ON CHINA’S CHANGING INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS Daniel R. McCarthy POWER, INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY, AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS THEORY The Power and Politics of US Foreign Policy and the Internet Patrick Mello DEMOCRATIC PARTICIPATION IN ARMED CONFLICT Military Involvement in Kosovo, Afghanistan, and Iraq Hans Morgenthau, Hartmut Behr, and Felix Rösch THE CONCEPT OF THE POLITICAL Max M. Mutschler ARMS CONTROL IN SPACE Exploring Conditions for Preventive Arms Control Cornelia Navari (editor) THEORISING INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY English School Methods Felix Rösch ÉMIGRÉ SCHOLARS AND THE GENESIS OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS A European Discipline in America? Michael O. Sharpe POSTCOLONIAL CITIZENS AND ETHNIC MIGRATION The Netherlands and Japan in the Age of Globalization Darshan Vigneswaran TERRITORY, MIGRATION AND THE EVOLUTION OF THE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM Wolfgang Wagner, Wouter Werner, and Michal Onderco (editors) DEVIANCE IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS ‘Rogue States’ and International Security Palgrave Studies in International Relations Series Series Standing Order ISBN 978–0–230–20063–0 (hardback) 978–0–230–24115–2 (paperback) (outside North America only) You can receive future titles in this series as they are published by placing a standing order. Please contact your bookseller or, in case of difficulty, write to us at the address below with your name and address, the title of the series and the ISBNs quoted above. Customer Services Department, Macmillan Distribution Ltd, Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS, England Foreign Policy Responses to the Rise of Brazil Balancing Power in Emerging States Edited by Gian Luca Gardini Professor of International Relations, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Germany Maria Hermínia Tavares de Almeida Senior Researcher, Centro Brasileiro de Análise e Planejamento (CEBRAP), Brazil Editorial selection and content © Gian Luca Gardini and Maria Hermínia Tavares de Almeida 2016 Individual chapters © Respective authors 2016 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No portion of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, Saffron House, 6–10 Kirby Street, London EC1N 8TS. Any person who does any unauthorized act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The authors have asserted their rights to be identified as the authors of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2016 by PALGRAVE MACMILLAN Palgrave Macmillan in the UK is an imprint of Macmillan Publishers Limited, registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS. Palgrave Macmillan in the US is a division of St Martin’s Press LLC, 175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010. Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies and has companies and representatives throughout the world. Palgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States, the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries. This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. Logging, pulping and manufacturing processes are expected to conform to the environmental regulations of the country of origin. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Gardini, Gian Luca, editor, author. | Almeida, Maria Hermínia Tavares de, editor, author. Title: Foreign policy responses to the rise of Brazil : balancing power in emerging states / Gian Luca Gardini, Professor of International Relations, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU), Germany, Maria Hermínia Tavares de Almeida, Senior Researcher, Centro Brasileiro de Anglise e Planejamento. Description: New York, NY : Palgrave Macmillan, 2016. | Series: Palgrave studies in international relations series | Includes index. Identifiers: LCCN 2015035455 | Subjects: LCSH: Brazil—Foreign relations—South America. | South America—Foreign relations—Brazil. | Brazil—Foreign relations—1985– | South America—Foreign relations—1948– Classification: LCC F2232.2.B6 F67 2016 | DDC 327.8108—dc23 LC record available at http://lccn.loc.gov/2015035455 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. ISBN 978-1-349-70374-6 ISBN 978-1-137-51669-5 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-137-51669-5 Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2016 978-1-137-51668-8 Contents List of Figures and Tables vii Acknowledgements ix Notes on Contributors xi Introduction 1 Gian Luca Gardini and Maria Hermínia Tavares de Almeida 1 Brazil: The State of the Art of Its Rise and Power Projection 12 Gian Luca Gardini 2 Within the Region, Beyond the Region: The Role of Brazil According to the Mass Public 29 Maria Hermínia Tavares de Almeida 3 Brazil’s Rise and Its Soft Power Strategy in South America 46 Miriam Gomes Saraiva 4 Argentina and the Rise of Brazil: Perceptions and Strategic Options 62 Roberto Russell and Juan Gabriel Tokatlian 5 Brazil: Chile’s Mythical Ally 77 Joaquín Fermandois 6 Brazil as a Global Stakeholder: A View from Uruguay 90 Carlos Luján 7 Paraguay and the Rise of Brazil: Continuity, Resistance, and Compliance 114 Peter W. Lambert 8 Bolivia–Brazil: Internal Dynamics, Sovereignty Drive, and Integrationist Ideology 129 Ana Carolina T. Delgado and Clayton M. Cunha Filho 9 The Peruvian Response to the Rise of Brazil: Developing a Strategic Relationship 145 Ronald Bruce St John v vi Contents 10 Venezuela and the Rise of Brazil: Convergence and Divergence in the Chávez Era 160 José Briceño-Ruiz 11 Colombia’s Contestation Strategies Facing the Emergence of Brazil as a Regional Power 177 Eduardo Pastrana Buelvas 12 Containing and Engaging: Mexico’s Response to the Rise of Brazil 195 Ana Covarrubias 13 Latin American Regionalism Faces the Rise of Brazil 214 Andrés Malamud Concluding Remarks 227 Gian Luca Gardini and Maria Hermínia Tavares de Almeida Index 236 Figures and Tables Figures 2.1 Self-identification 33 2.2 Regional priorities 35 2.3 The role of Brazil in South America 39 2.4 Regional integration (IIP) 41 2.5 Regional integration (UUP) 42 8.1 Bolivian exports, 2000–2014 (in US$ million) 136 Tables 2.1 Opinion-makers in the press – main topics 34 2.2 Relations to selected countries 37 2.3 Brazil’s behaviour in the region 39 6.1 Uruguayans’ opinions on Uruguay’s main friend (%) 92 6.2 Uruguayans’ opinions on the least friendly country (%) 92 6.3 Uruguayans’ opinions regarding the South American country they would choose to live in if they had to leave Uruguay (%) 93 6.4 MPs’ opinions on the past and future Uruguayan relations with Argentina and Brazil 97 6.5 MPs’ support for the strengthening of Uruguayan bilateral relations with Argentina or Brazil 99 6.6 MPs’ degree of agreement with a Uruguayan strategic alliance with Brazil 101 6.7 MPs’ degree of agreement with Brazil’s leadership and the region’s prioritization 102 6.8 MPs’ support for the possible signing of bilateral free trade agreements (FTA) with different countries or blocs 104 6.9 MPs’ support for Uruguay joining the Pacific Alliance 105 6.10 MPs’ support for the signing of a new treaty with the US or China 106 6.11 MPs’ opinions on the most reliable country to preserve international peacekeeping 107 vii viii List of Figures and Tables 6.12 MPs’ opinions on the most unreliable country to preserve international peacekeeping 109 8.1 Bolivian exports, total and Brazil 137 8.2 Bolivian foreign trade index, by sector (2006 = 100) 138 C.1 Strategies towards Brazil 233 Acknowledgements This book would have not been possible without the help, support, and advice of a number of persons. We are grateful to our editors at Palgrave Macmillan, Eleanor Davey-Corrigan and Hannah Kaspar, for having faith in this project, for their encouragement, and for their excel- lent editorial work. Our colleagues at Bath, São Paulo, and Nuremberg constantly supported us: thank you! The same goes for our students, whose interest in Latin American international relations and Brazil’s for- eign policy prompted us to produce a book that might answer some of their intelligent and challenging questions about the real impact on Latin America of Brazil’s rise and how Latin American countries have adapted to, and coped with, this new scenario. We must also thank the many scholars who generously shared their thoughts with us dur- ing the development of this volume, not least the contributors to this volume, whom we would also like to thank for their enthusiasm, as well as their patience with our requests for amendments and changes. We are particularly grateful to all colleagues who gave us their intellec- tual input and comments when the book project was first presented at the FLACSO-ISA joint conference in Buenos Aires in July 2014. We are also indebted to the University of Bath, which generously sponsored the initial phase of this project through the International Partnership & Mobility Scheme. This gave Prof. Gardini the opportunity to spend a very fruitful research period as a visiting professor at the Institute of International Relations (IRI, University of São Paulo), then directed by Prof. Tavares de Almeida. Our conversations and exchanges of ideas on that occasion truly originated most of the content and concepts of this book. We are also extremely grateful to the Bulletin of Latin American Research and Wiley Publishers for allowing us to republish, in a different format, four of the chapters of this volume,1 which had previously appeared in the special issue 35:1 of that journal under the guest-editorship of Gian Luca Gardini. Gian Luca Gardini would specifically like to thank the University of Bath, the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, the European Union, and the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council of the UK for sponsoring his