Answer To: Trainers Assessment Resource AUR30616 Version: 5.0 Acumen Education Pty Ltd © Page 1 of 64 Student...
Amar answered on Jul 23 2021
35 – AURTTA018 – Carry Out Diagnostic Procedures.docx
35 – AURTTA018 – Carry Out Diagnostic Procedures
Question 1: List any 5 safety precautions you should take while carrying out diagnostic procedures and performing testing of components and systems of light vehicles
1. Removal of earth straps in battery for avoiding accidental activation of starter, leading to fire, or else heating up the watch / jewellery, in case one accidentally touches on open wires.
2. Making sure all of the electrical components gets switched off while one removes strap, failing which spark could occur and the same case lead to explosion of battery.
3. Tools should never be left on battery, wherein they could short terminals as well as cause spark.
4. Loose clothing as well as longer hair need to be kept away from any moving parts.
5. Eye protection need to be worn while eyes shall be at risk, like when one grinds, or else drills upside down.
Question 2: What are the environmental requirements with respect to performing testing light vehicles?
· Oil leak checking
· Exhaust pollution checks
· Noise pollution checks
· Other carbon emission checks
Question 3: How would you obtain the information about the vehicle from the customer? What kind of questions can be asked?
· Any significant problems faced?
· Any abnormal noise
· Any leakage
· Any rumbling or vibrations
· Mileage levels
· Oil usage frequency
Question 4: Describe the open and closed questioning techniques used in obtaining information from the customers?
Open ended questions entail the use of wider scope questions to elicit wider response beyond the specific issue list in mind
Closed ended questions entail use of specific issued limited questions to elicit specific response for usual issues.
Question 5: Explain the strategy / logic-based diagnostic procedure
A procedure for strategy / logic-based diagnostics aids in having a structured, organized and historical trend dependent approach to identify and diagnose issues.
Question 6: What information can be found in diagnosis flow charts?
Decision and logic based structured approach to undertake the diagnosis
Question 7: Draw the general diagnostic flow chart for any fault that arises in the system
Question 8: List 3 pieces of information found in symptoms based diagnosis chart
· Logic based question
· Check boxes
· Decision making
Question 9: List any 3 possible causes and corrective actions for the below given complaints as per symptom based diagnosis
Complaint
Possible Causes
Corrective Action
Engine Misfire
Spark plug issues
Check and repair the spark plug
Engine Overheating
Engine pressure issues
Check and repair engine components
High fuel consumption
Potential issues in crankshaft
Check and repair crank shaft
Low oil pressure
Potential issues in crankshaft
Check and repair crank shaft
Question 10: List six different types of common diagnostic tools to diagnose the faults in light vehicle
· Code readers
· OBD
· OBD-II
· OBD-II enhanced scan
· Bidirectional actuator
· reprogramming
Question 11: Explain the purpose and operation of a dynamometer
Dynamometer refers to the device to measure force, torque / moment of force, or else power.
Question 12: Describe the purpose and operation of a scan tool
Scan tool refers to the electronic tool that are employed for interfacing with, diagnosing as well as, at times, reprogramming the modules of vehicle control.
Question 13: How the Data loggers and drive recorders work?
The same refers to the electronic device which records data in the span of time, or else in relation with respect to location by way of built-in instrument or else sensor by way of sensors and external instruments.
Question 14: Explain the purpose of the following diagnostic tools / equipment:
Vacuum gauge:
Vacuum gauge refers to the pressure gauge that is used for measuring pressures that is lower than ambient level atmospheric pressure.
Oil pressure gauge:
Oil pressure gauge acts as the indicator tool with respect to overall well-being of engine as well as offer early-warning with respect to abnormal oil pressure.
Fuel pressure gauge:
Fuel pressure gauge represents diagnostic tool to monitor fuel system for ensuring the same is running in levels of peak performance.
Cylinder leak detector:
Cylinder leak detector refers to an instrument for determining conditions of the ICEs by way of introducing the compressed air within cylinder
Exhaust gas analyser:
Exhaust gas analyser refers to the instrument to measure carbon monoxide amongst other gases within exhaust due to incorrect combustion.
Question 15: Describe the function and the operation of an oscilloscope
The same represents a tool to troubleshoot solenoids, sensors, primary / secondary ignitions, actuators, communication data streams, and others.
Question 16: Describe fault symptoms and cause
Fault symptom shall be triggered while the fault is still active over base object due to occurrences of fault events as selected within symptom definition
Question 17: What is the difference between a fault symptom and a fault case
Fault symptom represents a symptom of a fault case, while the fault cause issues a core issue that leads to symptoms.
__MACOSX/._35 – AURTTA018 – Carry Out Diagnostic Procedures.docx
34 – AURTTA004 – Carry out Servicing Operations.docx
34 – AURTTA004 – Carry out Servicing Operations
Question 1: List any six safety precautions that need to be followed while carrying out a servicing operation on a vehicle
1. Removal of earth straps in battery for avoiding accidental activation of starter, leading to fire, or else heating up the watch / jewellery, in case one accidentally touches on open wires.
2. Making sure all of the electrical components gets switched off while one removes strap, failing which spark could occur and the same case lead to explosion of battery.
3. Tools should never be left on battery, wherein they could short terminals as well as cause spark.
4. Loose clothing as well as longer hair need to be kept away from any moving parts.
5. Eye protection need to be worn while eyes shall be at risk, like when one grinds, or else drills upside down.
Question 2: List 6 safety requirements to be followed while isolating and stabilizing vehicles lifted on hoist
1. Inspection of the lift daily as well as making repairs using parts of original equipment
2. Never block open / override controls
3. Never load the lift beyond rated capacity of the manufacturer
4. Positioning vehicle as well as operation of lift need to be undertaken solely using trained / authorized personnel.
5. Never raise with vehicle with any people inside it
6. Always maintain the lift area to be free from debris.
Question 3: List 5 safety requirements to be followed while handling fluids and lubricants.
1. Avoid the contamination at the time of dispensing process
2. Right contained shall ensure safety
3. Labelling of the lubes is essential
4. Dispensing lubricants need to be done using right transfer equipment
5. Oils need to be checked for being good oils
Question 4: What are the environmental requirements for trapping, storing and disposing of lubricants and fluids released during servicing operations?
An ideal practice to remove waste oil from drive shafts shall be in keeping the oil from being introduced / leaked to nearby environment. An increase in wide usage in portable form of filter carts can be noted to have made the process to be much easier.
Question 5: Briefly explain service requirements for the steering and suspension system components given below while carrying out servicing operations
Steering Linkage:
· Checking the end of tie rod with respect to looseness
· Inspection of rubber boot with respect to damages
Steering box or housing:
Steering gearbox comprises of gears which transmits steering inputs of driver towards steering linkage which shall turn wheels, as well as the same multiplies steering changes of driver such that front wheels shall move more as compared steering wheel.
Front and Rear suspension:
Front and rear suspension represents a system comprising tires / tire air / shock absorbers / springs / linkages which connects the vehicle with the wheels as well as enables relative motion in-between two.
Front wheel bearings:
Front wheel bearings shall be built within assembly of steering knuckle arms as well as connected with components of drive axle in terms of vehicle.
Rear-wheel bearing:
Rear wheel shall be equipped with rear-wheel bearing, representing range of various steel rollers / balls that are held with cage in rings of metal referred as race.
Wheel alignment:
Wheel alignment represents adjustments which aim in the reduction of tire wear as well as for ensuring vehicle travel shall be straight as well as true
Question 6: Briefly explain service check points in drivelines and final drive systems during service operation
· Sending turning power towards assembly of rear axle from transmission.
· Flexing as well as allowing up-and-down movements within the assembly of rear axle.
· Providing the sliding action for adjusting the changes within the length of driveline
· Providing smoother power transfer.
Question 7: Briefly explain service maintenance check points for below given braking system components during service operation
Brake fluid:
· Checking of moisture fluid
· Regular change of moisture fluid when needed
Brake Pedal:
· Checking condition pertaining to rubber of brake pad
· Inspection of pre-play concerning brake pad
Brake Pads and Lining:
· Checking the thickness concerning brake pads
· Checking any damages to brake pads
Parking Brake:
· Checking stiffness pertaining to hand brake
· Checking condition relating to electric parking brake
Brake Lines and Hoses
· Checking of present condition
· Identifying damages
Question 8: Briefly explain service maintenance check points on wheels and tyres during service operation
· Inspection within linement with respect to cuts
· Inspection of sharp objects which are imbedded within tyres
· Inspect for other damages
· Assess wheel nut in tyre pressure
· Evaluate the depth of thread
Question 9: Briefly explain service maintenance check points for transmission systems during service operation
Manual Transmission:
Manual transmission employs clutch that is driver-operated often engaged as well as disengaged using hand lever / foot pedal, to regulate torque transfer via engine towards transmission.
Automatic Transmission:
Automatic transmission represents the form of transmission in motor vehicle which changes gear ratio automatically as vehicle moves in contrast to manual transmission.
Question 10: Briefly explain service maintenance check points for below given engine components during service operation.
Valve Clearance:
· Checking valve clearances in the manner of inserting blades of the feeler gauge in-between rocker as well as valve stem.
· This clearance shall be correct while gauge shall be fit of close sliding in-between two parts.
Manifolds:
Exhaust manifolds need to be checked in a periodical manner for ensuring they shall be tighter, crack free, as well as ensuring mounts of exhaust pipe are secure.
Drive belts:
· Inspect to find any tension
· Inspect to check any grease condition
Question 11: Explain the inspection checkpoints for battery and electrical system while carrying out service operation
Battery:
· Check for charging levels in battery
· Check for any wiring issue in the battery
Lighting:
· Check for working condition of lighting
· Check for need to change light bulb
Question 12: Outline what checks should be performed on fuel system components listed below during a service operation.
Fuel cap:
· Check for working condition of fuel cap
· Check for need to change fuel cap
Fuel tank / mounting brackets:
· Check for working condition of fuel tank / mounting bracket
· Check for need to change fuel tank / mounting bracket
Fuel lines:
· Check for working condition of fuel lines
· Check for need to change fuel lines
Fuel filter:
· Check for working condition of fuel filter
· Check for need to change fuel filter
Fuel injector:
· Check for working condition of fuel injector
· Check for need to change fuel injector
Air Filter:
· Check for working condition of air filter
· Check for need to change air filter
Question 12: Describe the oil replacement procedure
· Checking type / amount of the needed oil
· Getting together the wrenches, filter, as well as other supplies
· Preparing the vehicle
· Locating oil filters as well as drain plug
· Draining oil
· Tightening drain plug
· Changing oil filter
· Adding new oil
· Checking oil level
Question 13: Describe the checks that should be performed on cooling system and engine coolant while carrying out vehicle servicing.
· Level of the coolant
· Condition of the coolant
· Leakage of the coolant
Question 14: List any 5 types of oil additives and give 1 application for each
· Anti-foam agents
· Detergent additives
· Oxidation inhibiter for preventing cog on account of oxidation
· Corrosion & rust inhibiter for removing water via mattel surface
· Alkaline additives and potassium hydroxide
Question 15: What is meant by viscosity of oil? Briefly explain the reasons for different oil viscosity ratings?
Viscosity of engine oil refers the extent of ease by which oil shall be poured in specified temperature. Thinner oils possess lower levels of viscosity as well as pouring more easily in lower temperatures as compared to thicker oils which possess higher viscosity.
Question 16: List the classification of engine oils and briefly explain each?
· A1 / B1 – low friction & low viscosity
· A3 / B3 – constant viscosity index & higher parameters
· A3 / B4 – Replacement for A3 / B3
· A5 / B5 – Replacement for A1 / B1
Question 17: List any 2 types of oils, grease and fluids and give 1 applications for each
Lubricant
Types / Classifications
Application
Oils
Engine oil
Transmission / Gear Oil
Penetration Oil
Engine oil, bushes & pins
Stiff linkage
Grease
Multipurpose grease
Zinc-oxide grease
Rack & pinion
General purpose
Fluids
Automatic transmission fluids
Silicon fluids
Power steering fluids
Automatic transmission
Brake systems
Steering systems
Question 18: List 2 types of oil filters used in current model vehicles
· Cartridge oil filters
· Spin-on oil filters
Question 19: Explain why oil samples are taken from an engine? What does this determine?
· For checking any contamination
· For checking thickness and lubrication
Question 20: Write down steps to reset the service interval indicators / service reminders as part of the post service inspection? Choose any manufacturer vehicle method.
· Turn off the ignition
· Press / hold the reset button of odometer trip, left of speedometer
· Switch ignition on
· Release button
· Actuate adjustment key, right to tachometer.
· Service event indicated on odometer shall be reset
· Turn off the ignition
Question 21: Write down the post service testing procedures including road test checks
· inspection to find abnormal voices
· checking engine oil
· dashboard check to see warning lights, if any
· all of the lights need to be checked for working
· air pressure of tyres
· checking coolant levels
__MACOSX/._34 – AURTTA004 – Carry out Servicing Operations.docx
32 – AURTTZ002 – Diagnose and Repair Exhaust Systems.docx
32 – AURTTZ002 – Diagnose and Repair Exhaust Systems
Question 1: List any five OHS & WHS requirement that are to be followed while working with hot components and exhaust systems producing toxic gases.
1. Removal of earth straps in battery for avoiding accidental activation of starter, leading to fire, or else heating up the watch / jewellery, in case one accidentally touches on open wires.
2. Making sure all of the electrical components gets switched off while one removes strap, failing which spark could occur and the same case lead to explosion of battery.
3. Tools should never be left on battery, wherein they could short terminals as well as cause spark.
4. Loose clothing as well as longer hair need to be kept away from any moving parts.
5. Eye protection need to be worn while eyes shall be at risk, like when one grinds, or else drills upside down.
Question 2: Explain the four main purposes of the vehicle’s exhaust system.
1. Remove waste gas emanating from engine
2. Safeguard driver / passengers against harmful form of hydrocarbons
3. Reduce air pollution released by car
4. Reduces amount of car noises
Question 3: Describe the basic arrangements of the exhaust system components in a vehicle
Major set of components pertaining to exhaust system shall entail oxygen sensors, exhaust manifold, resonator, catalytic converter, muffler, tailpipe and exhaust pipes. An exhaust manifold shall be connected in a direct manner towards engine as well as holds job pertaining to harnessing of combustion gases towards exhaust system. The same shall be possible, on the basis of engine size, for there in being two of the exhaust manifolds. This manifold, comprised with smoother form of curving passages aids in improving flow of the exhaust, could be made with aluminium, steel, stainless steel or else widely cast iron.
Question 4: Describe what is Back Pressure and how it can be measured?
Back pressure represents the force / resistance which oppose desired levels of flow pertaining to fluid passing through the pipes, resulting in the loss of friction as well as drop in pressure. The same is measured in the form of pressure to be scalar quantity, such it holds the magnitude yet with no direction.
Question 5: Explain the “scavenging effect”
Scavenging shall take place while rushing of the exhaust gas shall leave cylinder aiding to pull within more number of fresh air as well as fuel.
Question 6: Describe the operation of the following exhaust system components
Engine and Exhaust pipes:
Piping which shall connect each of the individual level components pertaining to exhaust system shall be referred as exhaust pipe. In case diameter shall be very small, power being higher RPM, the same shall get reduced.
Flexible pipe connections:
Flexible pipe connectors aid in the absorption of the continuing movement that is experienced within piping systems on account of varied set if ambient temperatures, overall differences within temperature concerning materials that are to be handled, as well as differences within composition.
Exhaust Mufflers:
Exhaust mufflers refers to the device to reduce noise that is emitted from exhaust pertaining to internal combustion engines, specifically with respect to noise-deadening devices that shall form part of exhaust system within the automobiles
Question 7: Explain the purpose of extractor pipes
Extractor pipe refers to the smaller sized steel device employing for pulling threaded / unthreaded ends pertaining to piece concerning piping from different pipe, post the initial pipe shall be broken.
Question 8: Describe the function of catalytic converter
Catalytic converter refers to the exhaust emission-based control device which leads to the reduction of toxic gases as well as pollutants within exhaust gas by way of internal combustion engines towards lesser-toxic pollutants using the catalysing of redox reaction
Question 9: Explain the operation of a diesel particulate filter
Diesel particulate filter refers to the device which is designed for the purposes of removing diesel particulate matters / soot from that of exhaust gases pertaining to diesel engine.
Question 10: List at least one diagnostic testing procedure for exhaust system symptoms like leakages, vibration, and noise
· Engine noise: Exhaust internal problems
· Rattling noise: failure of catalytic convertor
· Leaks: exhaust system issues
Question 11: Explain the exhaust back pressure diagnostic testing procedure using a vaccum gauge and pressure gauge.
Checking the exhaust back pressure using a vacuum gauge:
In checking exhaust back pressure by way of vacuum gauge, the method shall be in using the vacuum gauge which is connected towards intake-based manifold vacuum as well as raising engine rpm towards 2000 rpm at 2 minutes. In case, vacuum gauge shall fall as engine will be held in 2000 rpm, restricted exhaust system needs to be suspected.
Checking the exhaust back pressure using a pressure gauge:
· Removal of oxygen sensor with specialized oxygen sensor wrench / socket.
· Threading adapter to hole of oxygen sensor as well as connecting low-pressure gauge
· Starting engine as well as observing any of the exhaust back-pressure.
· Increasing engine rpm towards 2000 rpm as well as observing pressure
Question 12: Explain the procedure to remove and replace a muffler assembly
Removal:
1. Parking vehicles over hard and level surface
2. Disconnection of battery
3. Jacking vehicle up as well as placing jack below
4. Spraying muffler clamps using penetrating fluid
5. Using hand / socket for loosening nuts over muffler clamps
6. Sliding exhaust and the muffler apart
Replacement:
1. Testing fit of newer muffler
2. Inserting newer muffler hangers within rubber-based muffler mounts
3. Coat end of newer muffler pipe within exhaust sealant
4. Slide exhaust together
5. Securing piping using muffler clamps
6. Battery reconnection
Question 13: Outline the procedure for aligning an exhaust system after replacing exhaust components
· Loosening of clamps as well as support brackets
· Aligning of exhaust system starting in front, working rear-ward
· Tightening all of the clamps as well as brackets after alignment, and clearance shall get achieved.
Question 14: List any 5 post repair testing procedures for exhaust systems
· Inspecting driveshaft for tighter fit across each end.
· Inspecting cleanliness with respect to driveshaft, boots and CV joint
· Inspecting shaft for damages as well as for any missing parts / bent.
· Inspecting boots as well as clamps
· Inspecting slip spline with respect to excessive form of radial movement
__MACOSX/._32 – AURTTZ002 – Diagnose and Repair Exhaust Systems.docx
30 – AURLTQ012 – Diagnose and Repair Light Vehicle Drive Shafts.docx
30 – AURLTQ012 – Diagnose and Repair Light Vehicle Drive Shafts
Question 1: List 3 sources of information that can be used while diagnosing faults in light vehicle drive shafts. How can this information be located?
1. Manufacturer manual
2. Service / Mechanic Expert
3. Online discussion forums
Question 2: List five safety precautions you should follow while working with hazardous oils while diagnosing and repairing light vehicle drive shafts
1. Removal of earth straps in battery for avoiding accidental activation of starter, leading to fire, or else heating up the watch / jewellery, in case one accidentally touches on open wires.
2. Making sure all of the electrical components gets switched off while one removes strap, failing which spark could occur and the same case lead to explosion of battery.
3. Tools should never be left on battery, wherein they could short terminals as well as cause spark.
4. Eye protection need to be worn while eyes shall be at risk, like when one grinds, or else drills upside down
5. The sump should never be overfilled, or else any other reservoirs, as the same can lead to damages on seals, or else much more adverse malfunction.
Question 3: Describe the procedure for trapping, storing and disposing of oils from drive shafts
An ideal practice to remove waste oil from drive shafts shall be in keeping the oil from being introduced / leaked to nearby environment. An increase in wide usage in portable form of filter carts can be noted to have made the process to be much easier.
Question 4: How does road testing aid in diagnosing drive shaft problems associated with noise and vibration.
While undertaken road testing, visual / auditory observation of noise, rattling, vibration and other abnormalities can aid in identifying and diagnosing affiliated problems.
Question 5: Explain the process of dismantling, inspect and reassembling and aligning components while repairing of drive shaft
Dismantling drive shafts:
· Mark driveshaft
· Removal of bolts in driveshaft
· Removal of the driveshaft flange
· Removal of driveshaft
· Checking of U joints
Inspecting drive shafts:
· Inspecting driveshaft for tighter fit across each end.
· Inspecting cleanliness with respect to driveshaft, boots and CV joint
· Inspecting shaft for damages as well as for any missing parts / bent.
· Inspecting boots as well as clamps
· Inspecting slip spline with respect to excessive form of radial movement
· Inspecting joints with respect to excessive form of radial movement
· Inspecting joints across all of the possible angles of steering
Reassembling and aligning component:
· Raise car over lift up for working level, and then remove wheel.
· Apply brakes, and then unscrew bolts from that of differential side joints where present.
· Removal of drive shaft nuts, loosening of wheel carriers as well as pulling driveshaft from wheel hub.
Question 6: Describe the post repair testing procedure after performing a light vehicle drive shaft change
· Testing of the intake manifold related pressure as well as vacuum
· Testing of intake as well as exhaust system leaks
· Checking air pressure of turbo boost
· Checking intercooler pressure as well as temperature
· Oil supply
· Oil return towards sump
· Testing turbocharger waste-gate
· Visual inspection to find oil leakage
Question 7: List 5 workplace housekeeping and documentation procedures
1. Cleaning up at the time of shift
2. Day-to-day clean-ups
3. Wastage disposal
4. Removing any of the materials unused
5. Inspecting for making sure clean-up has been completed
Question 8: Explain the torque reaction of rear axle housings
With respect to shaft-driven vehicles, reaction in-between bevel pinion within the shaft as supported from housing of rear axle as well as bevel ring gears that are fastened towards differential housing which seem to be rotating axle housing with respect to axle rather than rotating axle shafts in a standalone manner.
Question 9: Describe torque steer
Torque steer refers to an unintended form of influence from engine torque with respect to steering, specifically within vehicles having front wheel drives.
Question 10: Describe the purpose and operation of different propeller shafts listed below
Single-piece propeller shaft:
Single-piece propeller shafts are employed within vehicles having shorter distance in-between engine as well as axles, and also MR dependent four-wheel vehicles.
Multi-piece drive shaft shafts:
Multi-piece drive shaft shafts represent system that is balanced in the RPMs of road speed for ensuring smoother and vibration-free performances. The system balancing shall mean in that all of the shafts will be balanced in being unit such that drive shafts will work together for delivering power
Universal joints:
Universal joint refers to the coupling or else joint connecting form of rigid rods that has axes which can be inclined for each other, as well as commonly be used within shafts that shall transmit the rotary motion.
Cross and yoke joints:
The same represents an universal form of joint yoke within which phases in which array direction concerning the pair with coupling form of arm parts as well as array direction pertaining to initial as well as subsequent flange part shall be offsetting within circumferential direction.
Double cardan joints:
Double cardan joints comprise two of the universal joints that are mounted back-to-back with the centre yoke, where centre yoke shall replace an intermediate shaft.
Lobro joints:
Lobro joints made of an all-steel construction therein providing higher levels of capability in torque as compared to older rubber-based drive donuts, in the lower cost a compared to newer forms of tripod joints.
Velocity fluctuation of universal joints:
The angular level velocity fluctuation pertaining to universal joints within series essentially permits coupling pertaining to two of the shafts that are laterally displaced.
Shaft alignment:
Shaft alignment refers to a process to align two or else a greater number of shafts having each other towards within the tolerated margins. The same represents absolute requirement with respect to machinery prior to machinery shall be put within service.
Question 11: Explain the purpose and operation of the constant velocity joint (tripod joint)
Constant velocity joint enables the drive shaft for transmitting power through variable angles, across constant levels of rotational speed, by not having appreciable form of increases within the play or friction.
Question 12: List 4 types of universal joints used in rear wheel drive vehicles
· Hooke-type joint
· Cross type joint
· Layrub
· Doughnut rubber coupling
__MACOSX/._30 – AURLTQ012 – Diagnose and Repair Light Vehicle Drive Shafts.docx
27 – AURTTF005 – Diagnose & Repair Engine Forced-induction Systems.docx
27 – AURTTF005 – Diagnose & Repair Engine Forced-induction Systems
Question 1: List 6 WHS & OHS requirements to be followed while working on forced-induction systems of a vehicle
1. Removal of earth straps in battery for avoiding accidental activation of starter, leading to fire, or else heating up the watch / jewellery, in case one accidentally touches on open wires.
2. Making sure all of the electrical components gets switched off while one removes strap, failing which spark could occur and the same case lead to explosion of battery.
3. Tools should never be left on battery, wherein they could short terminals as well as cause spark.
4. Loose clothing as well as longer hair need to be kept away from any moving parts.
5. Eye protection need to be worn while eyes shall be at risk, like when one grinds, or else drills upside down.
6. The sump should never be overfilled, or else any other reservoirs, as the...