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Soumi answered on Apr 08 2021
EFFECTS OF URBANIZATION ON ENVIRONMENT
Table of Contents
Introduction 3
Significance of the Topic 3
Scope of the Review 3
Inclusion Criteria and Exclusion Criteria 3
Organizational Pattern of the Review 4
Literature Review 4
Historical Background 4
Methodology 5
Research Outline 5
Research Philosophy 5
Research Approach 5
Research Design 6
Research Type 6
Data Collection and Techniques 6
Ethical Considerations and Accessibility Issues 6
Previous Studies on Topic 6
Mainstream versus Alternative Viewpoints 7
Principal Questions 8
General Conclusions 8
Conclusion 8
References 9
Introduction
Significance of the Topic
In the modern times, the pace of urbanization has increased heavily. The same has negatively affected the environment in a number of ways. This research aims to identify the effect of urbanization on environment and the control measures, which can be taken to improve the environment. Dye attention will be paid towards effects of urbanization on environment. This will help the readers in gaining enough knowledge about the topic.
Scope of the Review
In this research work, the concept of urbanization and its impact on the environment and quality of life has been discussed in detail. In the recent times, urbanization has led to a decrease in quality of basic necessities such as air, water and soil. The research will ensure detailed analysis of the factors affecting the environment negatively and the role of urbanization in depletion of environment.
Inclusion Criteria and Exclusion Criteria
The research topic and aim objective-based variables, such as ‘urbanization’, ‘environment’, ‘effect of urbanization on environment’ have been used a inclusion criteria. In addition to that, the literary sources after 2015 has been considered and the same content should be in English only. The literary sources should pertain to global context for use in this research. Literary pieces composed before 2015, language other than English and focusing on related points like globalization and other rather than on main points were used as exclusion criteria.
Organizational Pattern of the Review
METHODOLOGY SELECTED
LITERATURE REVIEW
MAINSTREAM VERSUS ALTERNATIVE VIEWPOINTS
PREVIOUS STUDIES ON TOPIC
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
RELEVANT SOURCES SELECTED
PRINCIPAL QUESTIONS
GENERAL CONCLUSIONS
Figure 1: Organizational Pattern of the Review
(Source: Learner)
Literature Review
Historical Background
As stated by Capps, Bentsen and Ramirez (2016), urbanization refers to the shift of population from rural areas to urban areas. Urbanization began during the stage of industrial revolution, when people moved towards urban areas in search of job opportunities. With the increase in the rate of urbanization, the pressure on environment has increased immensely. According to Fang, Liu and Li (2016), by 2014, around 54% of the world was urbanized and the United Nations expect that around 66% of the population will be urbanized by 2050. This has led to arousal of a number of environmental issues, which hampers the quality of life in urban areas. Urbanization stated long back when prosperous villages attracted the attention of local tribal. This process led to increase in population density of developed areas. However, in the modern times, people believe the quality of life to be superior in urban areas. In addition to that, presence of job opportunities attracts public from less developed areas or villages.
As noted by Bhaskar et al. (2016), the main reasons for organization are better employment facilities, medical facilities, higher education, entertainment, sports and others. However, the major problems associated to urbanization are sewage problems, water pollution, air pollution, overcrowding, over exploitation of natural resources and unusual rise in temperature. Overcrowding in the urban areas leads to increase in solid waste disposal, which is very difficult to treat. In addition to that, construction of huge buildings affects the flow of air in the urban area. As commented by Salmon et al. (2016), the industries and vehicles in such areas release greenhouse gases and other air pollutants, which degrades the quality of air in the atmosphere.
Although there are more medical facilities in urban areas, but the low quality air and water leads to increasing number of diseases in urban areas. Sewage problems, development of slums and other issues affect the quality of life of urban dwellers negatively. As noted by Chen et al. (2017), disposal of waste is also an issue in such areas, which leads to improper dumping of waste in nearby areas. This affects the quality of land in the nearby areas. In addition to that, urbanization requires construction of new spaces for accommodation purpose. Deforestation is being done to meet the increasing demands for housing, which again affects the quality of environment.
Methodology
Research Outline
In this research work, secondary type of research has been chosen, due to which positivism research philosophy has been chosen. Descriptive research design coupled with deductive approach has...