Please read these 2 articles and answer the questions 1st article: Hitherto the teaching of the sages has made it possible to develop the individual, the family, the village, and all heaven and earth....

Please read these 2 articles and answer the questions

1st article:

Hitherto the teaching of the sages has made it possible to develop the individual, the family, the village, and all heaven and earth. Yet, missing in this formula is nationhood and citizenship. To create the nation and to inculcate citizenship, Liang says, Chinese people have to acquire “public virtues.”

Liang Qichao, Xinmin Shuo (The New Citizen)

2nd Article:

• Chinese society is organized with the lineage as the unit, not the individual. This follows from the saying, “when the family is put in order, the state is in order.” The zongfa [descent rule] of the Zhou dynasty may have wasted away, but its spirit remains. I may say, although the Aryans in the West developed their ability to govern themselves earlier, local self-government in China is not weaker than theirs. Why is it they can become a country and we not? The answer is that they have developed the self-government of cities, and we have developed the self-government of lineages. Visit the villages of China, you can see the distinguished order of self-government there. In my village, which has only two to three thousand people, the legislative body and the executive body are separate from each other. Other lineages are likewise. They should become the first foundation of the state. Yet go to the city, and the disorder there is beyond belief. This is clear evidence they can be people of the lineage but not citizens. From my travel in America, I firmly believe this. They have left their villages, they come and go in the freest big cities in their capacities as individuals, and aside from the family, there is nothing they want or create as far as I can see. They depend on that for the maintenance of order in society.


• Liang Qichao, “the drawback of Chinese”, Xinmin congbao.

Answer the following questions

1. What is the target Liang Qichao want to attack?

1. What is his argument and evidence to support?

3. What is his solution?