Abstract: Technology has been growing and evolving non-stop. Facial Recognition is now at the forefront of biometric security and has become a common identification verification method. Most of...

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The solution section should be the biggest section where we talk about the good and bad, why we do/don't like it with our reasoning as well as our expected path forward.


Abstract: Technology has been growing and evolving non-stop. Facial Recognition is now at the forefront of biometric security and has become a common identification verification method. Most of today’s cell phones have facial recognition capability as a security check to access the device. “The software also has been useful in investigations—not for conclusive identification of an individual, but in conjunction with other evidence.” (americanbar.org) To say that this technology is becoming common is an understatement but how reliable is this capability? One report suggests that facial recognition is only accurate for white males, suggesting a 99% accuracy rating. However, this rating drops about 65% accuracy with darker complexion individuals. (nytimes.com). That report also suggests that previous reports of great success with facial recognition was due to a biased test group consisting of at least 75% white males. Another concern is the implications this technology brings to our 4th amendment right. The Fourth Amendment prohibits an unlawful search of a place where a person has a reasonable expectation of privacy. That is to say that facial recognition technology being used by law enforcement would essentially take the “reasonable expectation of privacy” away from citizens. “Not only is this a concern with the possibility of misidentifying someone and leading to wrongful convictions, it can also be very damaging to our society by being abused by law enforcement for things like constant surveillance of the public.” (forbes.com). While technology has the potential to be a great tool and asset to our society, facial recognition still lacks the necessary security and standards necessary to be effective. Introduction: Facial recognition technology is a growing technology that is widely used in devices like cell phones as a form of security to ensure that the identity of the individual is authorized to access that device. The issue with facial recognition technology is its accuracy being lower for people with a darker complexion resulting in misidentification. There is a ton of evidence of this being a problem with facial recognition from Business Insider they said, “Researchers found that facial-recognition software produced higher rates of false positives for black people and Asian people than whites. The software had a higher rate of false positives for those groups by a factor of 10 to 100 times, depending on which algorithms were used” (Aaron Holmes, Business Insider). As seen here there is a problem of people with a darker complexion or Asian people tend to have a higher chance of getting false positives. This is a problem in the CIA triad in terms of accessibility because this problem affects the accessibility of the individual using facial recognition to gain access to their device or data. Our position on the solution is to not use facial recognition as a main form of authentication.  Academic review of previous work in the literature: Facial recognition has been a project since the 1960s. Woodrow Wilson Bledsoe is often credited as being the “father of facial recognition” because he “developed a system that could classify photos of faces by hand using what’s known as a RAND tablet” (facefirst.com). In the 1970s, Goldstein, Harmon, and Lesk we able to increase the accuracy of Bledsoes system by incorporating 21 “specific and objective” facial markers.  In the late 80s, Sirovich and Kirby applied linear algebra to address the issues of facial recognition, called Eigenfaces. This eventually led to automatic facial recognition when Turk and Pentland expanded the use of Eigenfaces. Starting in 1993, Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) released the Face Recognition Technology (FERET) program which was a database of photos. The intent was to inspire other leaders of technology to add to and expand the existing database which would eventually lead to better facial recognition software.  In 2002 this technology was put through a major test during Super Bowl XXXV but was considered a failure due to too many false positives. Starting in 2010, The social media site, Facebook, implemented facial recognition software across their platform with scary accuracy. This technology would compare new pictures with pictures in their database to offer suggestions for tagging people or even offering friend suggestions.  2011 was the first successful implementation of facial recognition in an Airport setting using the FaceFirst program. 2011 was also the year that facial recognition was able to identify the dead body of Bin Laden after the compound raid. Now, facial recognition software is working its way into every facet of our lives from cell phones to our video games. While it is not as secure as other methods, some are willing to sacrifice the security for added convenience. The future of facial recognition seems to be pretty clear, on one side you have your added convenience of bypassing security by having your face scanned. The other side of this coin is the surveillance aspect. Government and Law enforcement have been adding cameras to street corners for a while. This is leading to a world of surveillance similar to how Prague operates now. August 16 2019, Larry Griffin II was successfully identified by facial recognition as the culprit behind leaving pressure cookers, later found to be empty, by densely populated areas in New York. This was accomplished in less than 2 hours from the initial notification of a strange pressure cooker being reported. At the current rate of growth, anonymity will be an idea from the past.  Solution: Summary or conclusion:
Answered Same DayApr 11, 2021

Answer To: Abstract: Technology has been growing and evolving non-stop. Facial Recognition is now at the...

Deepti answered on Apr 12 2021
155 Votes
Abstract:
Technology has been growing and evolving non-stop. Facial Recognition is now at the forefront of biometric security and has become a common identification verification method. Most of today’s cell phones have facial recognition capability as a security check to access the device. “The software also has been usefu
l in investigations—not for conclusive identification of an individual, but in conjunction with other evidence.” (americanbar.org) To say that this technology is becoming common is an understatement but how reliable is this capability? One report suggests that facial recognition is only accurate for white males, suggesting a 99% accuracy rating. However, this rating drops about 65% accuracy with darker complexion individuals. (nytimes.com). That report also suggests that previous reports of great success with facial recognition was due to a biased test group consisting of at least 75% white males. Another concern is the implications this technology brings to our 4th amendment right. The Fourth Amendment prohibits an unlawful search of a place where a person has a reasonable expectation of privacy. That is to say that facial recognition technology being used by law enforcement would essentially take the “reasonable expectation of privacy” away from citizens. “Not only is this a concern with the possibility of misidentifying someone and leading to wrongful convictions, it can also be very damaging to our society by being abused by law enforcement for things like constant surveillance of the public.” (forbes.com). While technology has the potential to be a great tool and asset to our society, facial recognition still lacks the necessary security and standards necessary to be effective.
Introduction:
Facial recognition technology is a growing technology that is widely used in devices like cell phones as a form of security to ensure that the identity of the individual is authorized to access that device. The issue with facial recognition technology is its accuracy being lower for people with a darker complexion resulting in misidentification. There is a ton of evidence of this being a problem with facial recognition from Business Insider they said, “Researchers found that facial-recognition software produced higher rates of false positives for black people and Asian people than whites. The software had a higher rate of false positives for those groups by a factor of 10 to 100 times, depending on which algorithms were used” (Aaron Holmes, Business Insider). As seen here there is a problem of people with a darker complexion or Asian people tend to have a higher chance of getting false positives. This is a problem in the CIA triad in terms of accessibility because this problem affects the accessibility of the individual using facial recognition to gain access to their device or data. Our position on the solution is to not use facial recognition as a main form of authentication. 
Academic review of previous work in the literature:
Facial recognition has been a project since the 1960s. Woodrow Wilson Bledsoe is often credited as being the “father of facial recognition” because he “developed a system that could classify photos of faces by hand using what’s known as a RAND tablet”...
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