Please answer ALL questions related to that scenario. Answers to the questions must thoroughly include the correct answers with details including terminology, anatomy, histology, and/or physiology....

Scenario:

Chronic kidney disease can also be caused by diabetes mellitus, hypertension, or glomerulonephritis (inflammation of the glomerulus).

· 1.Explain how inflammation of the glomerulus could occur due to an autoimmune response. (i.e. What immune responses enhance inflammation and how?)

· 2.In diabetes mellitus, high blood sugar damages the blood vessels in the kidney. Explain how damage to the glomerular capillaries, which become more leaky, would affect kidney function,including what a urinalysis would be like for someone in this condition.

ClaClarification on questions 1 & 2:

So here what I'm asking for you is to make a connection between the immune system and the urinary system and how it's affecting an auto immune response to cause the glomerulus not to function properly. So you'll have to look at the different components of that auto immune response.

So what is an auto immune response? How does that function? How does that cause the kidney to fail?

The second half, the question is looking at diabetes. So how can sugar damage blood vessels? So what's the idea of having a high blood sugar for a period of time that can cause damage to those? does that happen? Think about this in terms of the glomerulus. how does that infect kidney function? So, you know, if someone can have kidney chronic kidney disease, they're going to have kidney failure. How does sugar contribute to that? How does kidney function change? What would your analysis look like? I don't want numbers. I want to know would you see more of a substance or less of the substance? What kind of urine output?