Plaintiff Raymond Vadnais alleged that, in 1986, he visited [a physician] at Beth Israel Hospital’s ear, nose, and throat clinic complaining of ear pain. After antibiotics failed to relieve the pain,...

Plaintiff Raymond Vadnais alleged that, in 1986, he visited [a physician] at Beth Israel Hospital’s ear, nose, and throat clinic complaining of ear pain. After antibiotics failed to relieve the pain, [the physician] recommended surgery. However, after [the physician] learned that the plaintiff was infected with HIV, he refused to perform the operation. Should the physician be required to perform the operation?