Patrick is a senior public servant employed to the Ministry of Local Government for over twenty-years. Prior to this Patrick was employed to the audit firm PriceWaterhouseCoopers where he worked as a...

Patrick is a senior public servant employed to the Ministry of Local Government for over twenty-years.
Prior to this Patrick was employed to the audit firm PriceWaterhouseCoopers where he worked as a senior
auditor for over 10 years. In the final quarter of 2019 while performing his duties, which includes the
monitoring of budgetary allocations from the Ministry of Finance and the Consolidated Fund, Patrick
becomes aware that the public’s funds are being used inappropriately, which includes: being used to pay
personal expenses of other Ministers and their families from other government Ministries, and payments
to phantom workers for road projects that were approved by the Ministry of Finance’s Procurement
Committee in 2019.
While he is not directly responsible for this aspect of the budget, he raised his concerns about the use of
the funds for these questionable payments to John, the head of Department.
Patrick subsequently learnt that not only is John aware of these practices, but also that he condones them
(be it that he is the approval officer for all payment vouchers). Patrick also understands that John’s
brother’s name appeared as one of these phantom workers. John is also in an intimate relationship with

his secretary, who is the daughter of one of the Ministers. HR codes of the Ministry of Local Government
forbid intercompany relationships. Not long after, Patrick is summoned to talk to John and to the
Permanent Secretary of the Ministry (Peter) about the issues.
In preparation for this meeting Patrick prepares a short paper that identifies his understanding of the key
issues and presents this to John and Pater. Due to the politically sensitive nature of the issues, Patrick is
told that the matter is not within his job description and therefore none of his concern.
This advice is based on the fact that the incumbent government will not tolerate questions about how it
puts its budget together but that it also faces electoral defeat if the matter were to be made ‘public’.
Patrick and his two superiors are acutely aware of the tensions between the department, the Minister and
the government. This unease manifests itself around the advice the department provides the Minister with,
and the advice that the Minister and the government want to hear in particular: After much soul searching,
Patrick decides to obey his superiors by leaving the matter alone.
You are required to:
1. Using the above case, identify and explain the ethical issues and pressures which Patrick, John and Peter are faced with.

2. If you were in Patrick’s position, state and explain different course(s) of actions which you couldhave taken in dealing with the ethical issues (use any legal protection(s) that may be available).


3. Provide comprehensive explanation(s) of 5 ethical predicaments which public servants maybe
exposed to at their place of work.