One remedy was to engage in bi- and multilateral program exchanges, especially for smaller television stations, which would be able to obtain material from broadcast organizations with more resources....

One remedy was to engage in bi- and multilateral program exchanges, especially for smaller television stations, which would be able to obtain material from broadcast organizations with more resources. As shown by Christian Henrich-Franke and Regina Immel, program exchanges across the Iron Curtain were enabled by a range of factors (institutional, cultural, political, technical, etc.), but “financial reasons were of overriding importance”.