NCR- ILC3 make up one of the most frequent ILC subsets in the human peripheral blood, while NCR+ ILC3 are virtually absent in the circulation during homeostasis. Importantly, the healthy human...

Extracted text: NCR- ILC3 make up one of the most frequent ILC subsets in the human peripheral blood, while NCR+ ILC3 are virtually absent in the circulation during homeostasis. Importantly, the healthy human intestine hosts dominantly NCR+ILC3, which have been shown to be essential in maintaining gut homeostasis. The signature cytokine of NCR+ ILC3 is IL-22. ILC3 in mice sense their environment and control gut defense as part of a glial-ILC3-epithelial cell unit orchestrated by neurotrophic factors. Enteric ILC3 express the neuroregulatory receptor RET. ILC3-autonomous Ret ablation led to decreased innate interleukin-22 (IL-22), impaired epithelial reactivity, dysbiosis and increased susceptibility to bowel inflammation and infection. Does this this complex neuro immune cross talk in the intestine account for the NCR ILC3 cells producing IL-22 while no such associations exist in the circulation where the ILC3 cells are NCR- and produce IL-17? maybe O yes O no