See attached
Name: Part I - Multiple Choice Name: ______________________________ Student #: GA _______________________ 1. Who in the U.S. has the authority to label a bombing, shooting, or other such act as "terrorist"? A. Department of Justice B. Office of the Attorney General of the United States C. Media D. FBI E. Department of Homeland Security Answer: __________ 2. The failure of __________ signaled the end of the rural revolutionary model. A. Che Guevara B. Fidel Castro C. Louis Beam D. Timothy McVeigh E. Marighela Answer: __________ 3. With regard to the sentencing of individuals convicted of terrorist acts, it can be said these sentences are: A. more relaxed than those imposed on nonterrorists. B. about the same as those imposed on nonterrorists. C. substantially harsher than those imposed on nonterrorists. D. no different than those imposed on nonterrorists since so few "terrorists" have been convicted. Answer: __________ 4. According to Combs, __________ provided the greatest amount of assistance to terrorist groups the world over during the 1970s and 1980s. A. Libya B. Sudan C. East Germany D. Algeria E. Afghanistan Answer: __________ 5. According to White and Combs, __________ terrorism poses the LEAST threat to society in the future. A. left-wing B. right-wing C. environmental D. animal rights E. international Answer: __________ 6. Today is Officer Abel's first day on the job. In light of recent events regarding police brutality and excessive use of force, his academy class received additional training on the subject. Which of the following situations would be considered using excessive force and thus an illegal action performed by Officer Abel? A. Officer Abel is hit in the face by a drunk. He responds by hitting the man back and slamming him against the patrol car before arresting him. B. After being shot at, Officer Abel fires three rounds in the direction of the suspect, one hitting the suspect, killing him instantly. C. During an arrest, Officer Abel gets spit at by a handcuffed suspect. Officer Abel hits the man with his baton and curses him before placing him in the patrol car. D. While trying to stop a fleeing female suspect, Officer Abel tackles her, places his knee in her back and attempt to subdue her with handcuffs. Answer: __________ 7. Officer Morris found an open door in the back of a business in the middle of the night. He entered to find a couple engaged in what he later determined to be an act of adultery, a misdemeanor in his state. He took no action and left the scene. Officer Morris: A. had a duty to uphold the law and was unethical in failing to act. B. had a duty to uphold the law but exercised his discretion by not arresting the couple. C. had a duty to enforce a law only if there was no victim. D. should not have exercised discretion in enforcing the law without first consulting with the DA’s office. Answer: __________ 8. Cal and Bob are hunting deer in season in the North Georgia Mountains. They are unaware that they have crossed the state line into Alabama, where it is not deer season. When they shoot a deer, an Alabama Ranger cites them for hunting out of season. In court, the judge convicts them. What defense is most likely offered by Cal and Bob? A. They did not have the requisite mens rea. B. They did not have the requisite actus reus. C. They were operating under mistake of law. D. Both A and C are valid defenses. Answer: __________ 9. You are a probation officer, and alcohol use is prohibited for probationers. One of your clients, Fred, is at home with his family. Fred’s son just got married earlier in the afternoon, and the entire family shared a champagne toast to the newlyweds. Fred registers positive on your alcosensor. He has been on probation for two years and has never violated it before. You are weighing your options about filing a petition to revoke Fred’s probation. Which one of the following statements is true? A. You must file the petition; it is the prosecutor’s job to decide whether to pursue it. B. You must file the petition; the judge will decide whether the probationer must return to jail. C. Although Fred violated the strict terms of his probation, you are not obligated to file a petition because you have discretion in this matter. D. It would be unethical for you to file the petition for such a minor transgression. Answer: __________ 10. A power outage has darkened the city. Officer Friendly is working a foot beat and sees a figure climbing into a storefront. He shouts at the figure to stop and draws his weapon. The figure turns to face the officer and lifts his right hand. In the semi-darkness, Officer Friendly sees something shiny glittering in the man’s hand and fires, thinking it is a gun. He later discovers that the person was an undercover police officer chasing a suspect into the storefront and was holding up a badge. Review the following statements and decide which is the most accurate observation. A. From a teleological perspective, Officer Friendly did a “bad thing” and should be punished. B. From a deontological perspective, Officer Friendly did a “bad thing” and should be punished. C. Ethical formalism would demand the officer’s prosecution and termination. D. Under situational ethics, the officer’s actions are morally wrong only if he knew that the victim (the undercover officer) was a police officer. Answer: __________ 11. One crucial policy area in policing that is constantly scrutinized is the use of force. If we were to perform a content analysis of agencies' policies in this area, our conclusion would invariably be that appropriate use of force is most often a function of: A. its necessity to control a suspect and reasonableness in application. B. the agency's enforcement posture. C. the community's preferences. D. individual officers' subjective perspectives on a situation. E. the amount of time for decision making. Answer: __________ 12. The concept of capital punishment is replete with policy implications. Which of the following has continued to be a source for concern, particularly in the state of Illinois? A. Mode of administration of the death penalty B. Disproportionate number of executions occurring among the states C. Inherently flawed nature of the system, e.g., instances of innocent persons wrongfully convicted D. Its "cruel and unusual" attributes E. Its propensity for creating a "moral panic" Answer: __________ 13. Policing within the United States has been divided into three eras. If we were to closely examine the underlying dynamics of the time period, we would find that the shift from the Political Era to the Professional Era was precipitated primarily by which of the following? A. Prohibition B. Progressivism C. Community involvement D. Order maintenance E. Industrialization Answer: __________ 14. Policy decisions relative to criminal justice have arisen, for the most part, from a complicated confluence of public and legislative recognition of a problem. The quest for solutions to problems in the 21st Century should be within the constraints of the policy maker but, too, most decidedly: A. research-driven. B. collaborative among subject matter experts. C. subjective in the view of the aggrieved parties. D. "bottom-line" oriented. E. efficiency-based. Answer: __________ 15. The extent to which a police agency pursues a policy approaching full enforcement for all offenses depends largely upon: A. the agency's policy manual's dictates. B. the leadership style of the agency's chief executive. C. city leadership's orientation. D. the values of the community. E. agency "visibility." Answer: __________ 16. Now that we know that same sex victimization often goes unreported, what is a practical and viable strategy for increasing the reporting? A. Let the person report anonymously. B. Have special booths set up in shopping malls where victims can report crimes. C. Have police officers attend gay and lesbian community functions to increase the comfort level in the group thereby increasing reporting. D. Reduce the stigma attached to such victimization. E. All are practical and viable strategies. Answer: __________ 17. If a victim advocate is interesting in getting more victims to complete victim impact statements, what strategy should she use to increase their participation? A. Use multiple forms for each component of the criminal justice system so the victims feel that their statements are important to all stakeholders in the criminal justice system. B. Make sure that the victim is asked to report on the financial loss that resulted from the victimization. This is so important that the advocate should stress it when the victims come to see the advocates about making a VIS. C. Encourage the victims to be as verbose as possible. The more information that can be obtained, the better. Therefore create forms that have an adequate amount of space for the victims to reply. Offer additional pieces of paper if necessary. D. Offer to write the statement for the person. Have the person recount to the advocate what happened, yet again, as this will be cathartic for the victim and will help with the healing process. E. Assume that all victims are familiar with the criminal justice system so keep the forms brief. Do not burden them with explanations or definitions of terms commonly understood by criminal justice professionals. Answer: __________ 18. How can we reduce fear of crime when we know that fear levels are influenced and shaped by significant others who often have similar fear levels? A. Widen the network of friends and close associates so the person interacts with people who are less fearful then themselves. B. Promote crime prevention strategies that the person can employ so that fear will be reduced. C. Encourage the person to take a defensive tactics course so that she knows that she can defend herself. D. It is impossible to reduce someone's fear of crime level. We just have to learn to adjust our behavior so we can live with this fear. E. None of the above are good strategies for reducing fear of crime. Answer: __________ 19. Deterrence is an important concept in criminal justice. Which of the following do you think deters crime and why? A. Closed-circuit television because the constant "eye" is always watching. B. Electronic monitoring because the constant bracelet