My assignment is an an Essay outline based off my annotated bibliography. Everything you will need is in the attachment below. Thank you.
Outline · Your outline should be formatted with a numerical list/point form and contain the following: · Your specific strategy to draw interest in your introduction. · Your expanded thesis · Be sure your argument and subtopics are clear · Specific paragraph outlines for each of your body paragraphs that contain the following: · Strategy for topic sentence · Strategy for research · The points you wish to make · The sources you plan to use · Strategy for concluding statement · Click HERE for another example of a detailed paragraph outline. You will need to provide similar planning for each of your body paragraphs. · You should have in-text citations in your outline. This means that you should have academic sources cited and they should match your references page · Avoid using excessive quotations. There should be a maximum of one or two in your entire outline. · Your specific strategy to create a cyclical conclusion · Your strategy to sum up your subtopics · Your strategy to restate your simple thesis References Page · Your references list should contain all of the sources that you plan to use to support the claims in your essay. See the argumentative research essay assignment for research requirements. · Your references page should be the final version you plan to use in your essay. · Your references page should be formatted according to the APA guide. · Place your references page in the same document as your outline at the end on its own page(s). EXAMPLE: I. Introduction a. Strategy: Narrative i. Offer recount of personal experience with protestors and family ii. Offer (informal research) news story about ATV users helping with the environment iii. All of the above functions as refutation b. Objective advanced thesis i. Usage of all-terrain vehicles should be limited on public lands in Alberta because they cause unnatural erosion, contribute to forest fires, and create excessive noise. II. Subtopic 1 – Unnatural erosion a. Body paragraph 1 – Erosion and waterways i. Topic sentence – erosion and rainwater negatively affect waterways 1. Formal Research: (Simpson, 2016) – Alberta Study on rock/mud slides. a. Page 4 offers specifics about water displacement due to quad trails and the statistical number of mud and rockslides being caused. 2. Formal Research: (Dell, 2015) – Similar B.C. study, offering specific data about water displacement a. This study looks at new ponds and streams being formed by quad trails. b. Page 2 offers specific measurements of water levels of old waterways and levels of newly created waterways. 3. Formal Research: (Marlow, 2017) – Montana study that supports the above research. a. This study examines mostly streambeds and the direction of streams. b. Page 8 offers detailed data about the redirection of water via quad trails. ii. Concluding statement – Examining data collected in Alberta, BC and Montana, it is evident that quads cause unnatural erosion that negatively affects natural waterways. III. Subtopic 2 – Forest fires a. Body Paragraph 2 – Forest fires caused by ATVs i. Topic sentence, including transition – ATVs cause forest fires 1. Formal Research: (Dawson, 2015) – Examination of tail pipe and engine leak fires a. Pages 1-3 offer a detailed analysis of temperature of ATV exhaust systems and leaking liquids, along with combustion temperatures of vegetation. b. Pages 4-6 offer a statistical analysis of a number of fires throughout Western Canada. There are specific numbers relating to fires outside and inside of known ATV areas. 2. Formal Research: (Banyon, 2016) – Similar study to above a. This study cites data from the Alberta Government, which supports the findings from Dawson’s study. b. Page 4 has a good chart with specific data about Western Canada. ii. Concluding statement – Evidence from both the academic community and the government supports that ATVs are a significant fire risk. IV. Subtopic 3 – noise a. Body paragraph 3 – Noise and wildlife – bears i. Topic sentence, including transition – ATVs cause excessive noise, which affects bear habitat 1. Formal Research: (Kim, 2013) – Alberta/BC study examining bear territory a. Page 4 offers statistical information about bear territory in the region and how areas congested with ATVs causes bears to cross into other territories, which involves fighting and deaths 2. Formal Research: (Brady, 2015) – Alaskan study about grizzly activity due to human encroachment. a. Page 12 has two paragraphs specifically about ATVs and back-country recreation. The second paragraph has statistics about grizzly migration issues. ii. Concluding statement – Data from both Western Canada and Alaska supports that ATVs negatively affect bear migration, often to the point of death. b. Body paragraph 4 – Noise and humans i. Topic sentence, including transition – ATVs disturb local residents 1. Formal Research (Zin, 2016) – Alberta study about public opinion a. Page 13 offers statistical data about those who use public lands for other recreational purposes. Data shows they find ATV noise offensive. 2. Formal Research (Nagy, 2013) – BC study about ATVs around small communities a. Page 2 offers survey data about those who live in several small communities. There is a chart of data that concludes a majority would rather not hear ATVs b. Page 3 offers decibel levels and a comparison to other sounds that might be as loud. There is a significant number of residents that have to endure high volumes of noise. 3. Formal Research (Anders, 2015) – Study that looks at government data on public land use a. This summative study offers specific statistical data about complaints from the public about the noise of ATVs. ii. Concluding statement – Many of those who do not participate in ATV use are negatively affected due to the high level of noise created. V. Conclusion a. Revisit strategy used in introduction to maintain interest i. Revisit the personal experience, but with a new outlook. ii. Revisit the (informal research) news article but with a slight critical view b. Revisit subtopics i. Offer a sentence or two summarizing the research supporting problematic erosion. ii. Offer a sentence or two summarizing the research supporting forest fires. iii. Offer a sentence or two summarizing the research supporting excessive noise. c. Conclude the essay i. Paraphrase my simple thesis (overall argument) English 1150 – Example Paragraph Outline • Remember that it pays off to spend quality time on the planning phase of your essay. It will save you a lot of time during the writing process. • Below is an example of a detailed paragraph outline. Your paragraph outlines should reflect the same amount of detail. • You should provide this much planning for each of your body paragraphs. Essay thesis: Smart phone use should be limited at bedtime because it negatively affects the user’s sleep cycles and eating habits. PARAGRAPH OUTLINE: • Subtopic one: Sleep cycles • Body paragraph one: Sleep cycles – Circadian rhythms and blue light o Topic sentence: · Smart phone usage at bedtime negatively affects sleep cycles by disrupting circadian rhythms. o Research · Point one: Good explanation of the connection: excellent quotation from (Komada, 2015): · “Nocturnal pineal melatonin secretion is controlled by the master circadian pacemaker, which is located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), through a multi-synaptic projection that includes the sympathetic nervous system. Light exposure during the night causes rapid suppression of melatonin secretion.” · Point two: Study from University of California (Terrance, 2017) · Examined 300 participants using smart phones before bed · Tested exposure to blue light and the connection to circadian rhythm. · Results: 68% reported disturbed sleep patterns and sleepy mornings. Also reported a reliance on caffeine due to disrupted sleep patterns. · Point three: Similar study from Germany (Shultz, 2016) · Examined 800 students’ use of devices before bed · Results: 73% reported sleep disruptions · Trouble sleeping · Disrupted sleeping · Sleepiness and low performance · Concluding Statement. · When examining the connections between smart phone usage and sleep, it is clear that these devices disrupt important sleep cycles. Here is my annotated bibliography that this outline has to be based off of. Thesis Statement Students are faced with crippling debt because of factors such as rising college tuition fees and the stress that comes from debt. Students have to be aware of their options and how the government can help them so that both their mental and physical health do not decline. Bennett, D., McCarty, C., & Carter, S. (2015). The impact of financial stress on academic performance in college economics courses. (report). In this article Bennett, McCarty and Carter have done research on how financial burdens have caused stress on college students and how that has affected their performances at school. Due to the rising costs of college tuitions there has been an increase in student debt, thus affecting not only the students and their families, but the economy as a whole. They were able to collect data on how college students' stress is affected, through performing surveys that measured levels of financial stress, the impact on their academics, employment status (number of hours worked), and education levels of parents. According to the article the average student received a significantly lower grade when they were financially stressed and had lower incomes. This also resulted in some students not being able to complete their college education from financial stress. The authors research concluded that in order for students to succeed, financial stress must go down. The authors believe that the way to do this is making information on grant, co-op, and scholarships more readily available. This article will go towards supporting my thesis as the article clearly states the negative impact kids face when they are financially stressed. Doehring, C. (2018). In over our heads with financial anxiety from student debt. Pastoral Psychology, 67(2), 115-124. doi:10.1007/s11089-017-0772-2 In this article written by Doehring goes through how students are in over their heads with debt. The author explores the idea that financial anxiety is making people financial responsibility, which results in more stress. This is because people are using avoidant coping when thinking about their financial stresses. Specifically, in terms of student loans that need to be repaid. Doehring talks about how unnerving it is that the cost of schooling is showing effects on students emotional, relational, and physical stresses. The author looks at financial stress on students, through and moral social psychology. She specifically looks at how through spiritual practices, students are able to come to