Multiple Choice1. In a random breeding population of a small mammal, the gene for coat colour has two alleles: G, which is dominant producing a grey coat, and g, which is recessive producing a white...

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Multiple Choice    3
Written Response    8
1.    8
A    8
B    8
C    9
D    10
E    11
F    12
I    12
II    13
III    13
Work Cited    15
Multiple Choice
1. In a random breeding population of a small mammal, the gene for coat colour has two alleles: G, which is dominant producing a grey coat, and g, which is recessive producing a white coat. The white individuals are selected against by hawk predation such that each individual has a 10% probability of surviving to a reproductive age, while the grey animals have a 75% probability. Which of the following statements will best describe the population for these alleles after 100 generations of continued random breeding?
    Answer – D. The G allele will be the allele with the highest frequency and the g allele will still be present
2. The production of new genes or changes in allelic forms is the result of
    Answer – C. mutation
3. The major evolutionary force that causes changes in gene frequencies is
    Answer – B. natural selection
4. Hamadryas baboons are found in Saudi Arabia. At some point in their lives, female Hamadryas baboons leave their birth group and migrate to a different one. This helps all populations maintain healthy and diverse gene pools and may help them to survive.
    Answer – B. gene flow
5. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium
    Answer – A. rarely occurs in nature because most populations are evolving
6. Speciation can result from
    Answer – D. all of the above
7. If the allele for the enzyme that breaks down methyl mercaptan is dominant and 73% of a population has this enzyme, what percentage of the population would be expected to be heterozygote for this enzyme?
    Answer – B 39%
8. What is the difference between a population and a gene pool?
    Answer – C. A population is comprised of the same species and a gene pool is comprised of all their genes
9. The equation p^2+2pq+q^2=1 describes
    Answer – D. the makeup of a gene pool
10. The homozygous dominant individuals constitute what proportion of the population?
    Answer – C. 36%
11. What proportion of the gametes in this population contain gene c?
    Answer – D. 48%
12. In a population in which 1% has sickle-cell anemia, what percentage of the population are carriers for the trait?
    Answer – D. 99%
13. A scientist determines that 9% of a human population is albino resulting from recessive genes for skin pigmentation. What is the frequency of the recessive allele in this population?
    Answer – C. 0.03
14. Northern elephant seals have reduced genetic variation because of the intense hunting that humans inflicted on them in the 1890s. Hunting reduced their population size to as few as 20 individuals at the end of the 19th century. Their population has since rebounded to over 30,000—but their genes still carry the marks of this; they have much less genetic variation than a population of southern elephant seals that was not so intensely hunted.
    Answer – A. bottleneck effect
15. Once speciation has occurred
    Answer – D. all of the above
16. Evolution by natural selection would be least in a population
    Answer – B. with no predators or competitor
17. Two populations of field mice become separated by a new highway so that the gene flow is now impossible. After ten years a researcher detects that evolutionary change has occurred in the populations. Mice found on the east side of the highway have a higher percentage of individuals with longer and darker whiskers than the population found on the west side of the highway. The two habitats are identical. What is the most probable reason for the difference?
    Answer – A. Natural selection has occurred in each group.
18. the most effective means of conservation is to
    Answer – B. preserve habitats
19. The HHC mutation in DNA is encoded in mRNA by the process of
    Answer – C. transcription in the nucleus
20. The frequency of the dominant allele associated with HHC in the Caucasian population of the United States IS
    Answer – A. 0.005
21. Individuals who have sickle cell anemia are homozygous for the defective allele HbS . The normal allele is HbA . What is the frequency of the HbA allele in the human gene pool in western Africa?
    Answer – B. 0.85
22. Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from all the information provided on sickle cell anemia?
    Answer – D. In Africa, carriers for sickle cell anemia have an advantage over homozygous individuals.
23. The technology of transferring a gene from a bacterium into a green plant is based on the principle that
    Answer – B. all genes have the same basic chemical components
24. The “founder effect” seems to occur when
    Answer – B. a non-representative subpopulation forms the basis for an isolated population
25. The frequency of the gene that controls the production of schreckstoff by minnows is likely
    Answer – B. to decrease in the gene pool of the population
Written Response
1.
A
    An alteration to a gene's DNA sequence is referred to as a gene mutation. Gene mutations can take many...