Mr Jankovic a 78 years old male, is admitted for a left total hip replacement. He underwent surgery and is now three days post-operative, in the orthopaedic ward. He has gained a lot of weight over...

Mr Jankovic a 78 years old male, is admitted for a left total hip replacement. He underwent surgery and is now three days post-operative, in the orthopaedic ward. He has gained a lot of weight over the past few years and has severe osteoarthritis in his hips. He also has had resection of a prostatic cancer that has no current treatment and has residual prostatomegaly. He has occasional angina, high blood pressure and obstructive sleep apnoea, using a Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) machine infrequently as it dries his mouth and nose and the noise annoys his wife.




Past medical history:

— Osteoarthritis (diagnosed 10 years ago)

— Mild left cardiac failure and occasional angina (diagnosed 2 years ago)
 — Hypertension (diagnosed 5 years ago)
 — Frequent gout




Surgical history:

— Internal fixation left tibia and fibula following motorcycle accident at age 21years

— Appendectomy at age 23 years
 — Resection prostatic carcinoma (7 years ago) Q1.

Q3. State two reasons (2) why it is necessary for patients undergoing surgery to fast.