Most alpine skiers and snowboarders do not use helmets. Do helmets reduce the risk of head injuries? A study in Norway compared skiers and snowboarders who suffered hcad injuries with a control group...

Extracted text: Most alpine skiers and snowboarders do not use helmets. Do helmets reduce the risk of head injuries? A study in Norway compared skiers and snowboarders who suffered hcad injuries with a control group who were not injured. Of 578 injured subjects, 96 had worn a helmet. Of the 2992 in the control group, 656 wore helmets. STATE: Is helmet use less common among skiers and snowboarders who have head injuries? Follow the four-step process to answer the questions about this study. (Note that this is an observational study that compares injured and uninjured subjects. An experiment that assigned subjects to helmet and no-helmet groups would be more convincing.) PLAN: Let pi and p2 be the proportion of injured skiers and snowboarders who wear helmets and the proportion of uninjured skiers and snowboarders who wear helmets, respectively. Select the correct hypotheses for your test. 656 O Ho : PI = 00n versus H.: PI < 2092="" 656="" o="" ho="" :="" pl="P2" versus="" h.="" :="" pl="" +="" p2="" o="" ho="" :="" pl="P2" versus="" h.:="" pi=""> P2 O Ho : Pi = P2 versus H. : PI < p2="" o="" ho="" :="" p1="P2" versus="" h.="" :="" pi="">< p2 o ho : p1 = p2 versus h, : pi # p2 incorrect solve: give the value of the test statistic. use p, - p, as the sample difference of proportions. (enter your answer rounded to two decimal places.) z: incorrect select the correct p-value for the test. o 0.0042 o 0.05 o 0.0021 o 0,9979 incorrect conclude: select the correct conclusion you can draw from this study. o the data proves that non-use of helmets is the cause for a higher rate of head injuries in skiers and snowboarders. o there is not much evidence that helmet use is less common among skiers and snowboarders with head injuries than among those without head injuries. o we have strong evidence that helmet use is not less common among skiers and snowboarders who have head injuries than among those without head injuries. o we have strong evidence that helmet use is less common among skiers and snowboarders with head injuries than p2="" o="" ho="" :="" p1="P2" versus="" h,="" :="" pi="" #="" p2="" incorrect="" solve:="" give="" the="" value="" of="" the="" test="" statistic.="" use="" p,="" -="" p,="" as="" the="" sample="" difference="" of="" proportions.="" (enter="" your="" answer="" rounded="" to="" two="" decimal="" places.)="" z:="" incorrect="" select="" the="" correct="" p-value="" for="" the="" test.="" o="" 0.0042="" o="" 0.05="" o="" 0.0021="" o="" 0,9979="" incorrect="" conclude:="" select="" the="" correct="" conclusion="" you="" can="" draw="" from="" this="" study.="" o="" the="" data="" proves="" that="" non-use="" of="" helmets="" is="" the="" cause="" for="" a="" higher="" rate="" of="" head="" injuries="" in="" skiers="" and="" snowboarders.="" o="" there="" is="" not="" much="" evidence="" that="" helmet="" use="" is="" less="" common="" among="" skiers="" and="" snowboarders="" with="" head="" injuries="" than="" among="" those="" without="" head="" injuries.="" o="" we="" have="" strong="" evidence="" that="" helmet="" use="" is="" not="" less="" common="" among="" skiers="" and="" snowboarders="" who="" have="" head="" injuries="" than="" among="" those="" without="" head="" injuries.="" o="" we="" have="" strong="" evidence="" that="" helmet="" use="" is="" less="" common="" among="" skiers="" and="" snowboarders="" with="" head="" injuries="">