Medical Microbiology
This is a 2 part assignment, no word count if required just the questiosn need to be answered in detail.
Part A is just answering questions
Part B: out of 4 questions select 2 and do reserch and write essay.
Part A- Case Studies- Answer all questions (45 marks)
Part B- Research Task- Answer two (2) questions only (30 marks)
Total 75 marks
ONPS2120 Final Assessment Task Name: Student number: INSTRUCTIONS Part A- Case Studies- Answer all questions (45 marks) Part B- Research Task- Answer two (2) questions only (30 marks) Total 75 marks For Part B, please indicate the number of the question you are answering. This assessment is for 25% of your final grade. · Please enter your answers in this document. · Diagrams or tables may also be used as part of your answer. A photograph of a hand drawn diagram is also fine. · Please type your name and student number in the box above. · There is no word limit for your answers. · you can submit your document to Turnitin before the due date to check the score if you wish. (Don’t be concerned if the score is over 20%- all students are submitting the exam paper so this will be the same- just check your report- click on the number % value to see the highlighted areas of similarity. If the similarity score for the answers you have written is low, there is no problem) · Please save your answers in either Word or PDF format. · Your completed document should be submitted using the Turnitin submission link on the course Canvas Site. There is no need to add separate cover sheets with electronic submissions. Your completed document must be uploaded by 9 am on October 29, 2021 Contents. Part A- Case studies (45 marks)2 Answer all 3 questions.2 Case Study 1 (15 marks)2 Case Study 2. (15 marks)3 Case Study 3. (15 marks)5 B. Research Task- Essays (30 marks)6 Part A- Case studies (45 marks) Answer all 3 questions. Case Study 1(15 marks) Answer questions a-d below. Case History. A 22 year-old university student presents to his General Practitioner with a 12 hour history of quite severe abdominal pain and recent onset of blood - stained watery diarrhoea. He is anxious because he has a microbiology exam the next day. He is mildly febrile, but otherwise normal. On questioning, he states that he ate a chicken burger from a take-away shop on the university campus five days earlier. A stool sample is taken and cultured overnight on standard enteric media. Question a. Which colonies should be picked for identification? Explain your answer. (2 marks) Question b. Based on the case history and the culture results, what is the likely aetiological agent/s? Explain your answer. (4 marks) Question c. Describe the workflow, tests (including expected results) and media you would use to obtain a diagnosis. (4 marks) Question d. Explain how this organism causes diarrhoea? (5 marks) Case Study 2.(15 marks) Answer parts a-f below Case History The following picture shows a wet preparation of a midstream specimen of urine from a 28year-old female patient who visits her GP complaining of burning sensation on urination and the need to urinate frequently. She also complains of suprapubic pain, but there is no vaginal discharge. Three weeks earlier, her General Practitioner had prescribed ampicillin for five days for a similar episode, and the symptoms gradually resolved. A mid-stream urine specimen is collected for microscopy and culture. Initially, you examine the urine sample by phase contrast microscopy, a representative 40x field is shown below. Question a. Describe what you see in this wet preparation using appropriate terms. (3 marks) Question b. Is it likely that the patient has a urinary tract infection? Explain your answer. (3 marks) The urine HBA/ Chromogenic agar split plate has the following appearance. The gram stain shows the organism is gram negative. Question c. How many CFU are present in the specimen? Does this confirm your diagnosis of whether the patient has a UTI? (2 marks) Question d. Based on the case history and the results available, which organism do you suspect? Explain your answer. (2 marks) Question e. Which further test would you perform to identify the organism? Include the expected results. (3 marks) Question f. Should the isolate be tested for antimicrobial susceptibility? (2 marks) Case Study 3.(15 marks) Answer parts a-c below. Case History. A 22-year old woman visits her GP complaining of irregular periods and mild abdominal pain. On questioning, she states that she has had 3 sexual partners in the last 6 months, and on one occasion, did not use condoms. On pelvic examination the cervix appears inflamed. A swab is taken and sent to the laboratory. You examine a wet mount of the cervical swab and record the following observations: Wet mount: pH 4.2, no clue cells or trichomonads. A Gram stain of the swab is shown below ( 100x magnification). Question a. Describe the Gram- stained preparation using appropriate terms (4 marks) Question b. Which pathogen do you suspect? Explain your answer (3 marks) Question c. What tests would you perform to definitively identify the organism suspect? Describe the media, culture conditions, biochemical tests and expected results. (8 marks) B. Research Task- Essays(30 marks) For this task you are required to research and write an essay on any two (2) of the following topics. Your essay should include references to peer-reviewed scientific literature (for example research or review articles in Scientific journals). References should be in Vancouver style. As a guide, 5-10 references will be sufficient for each question. A single combined reference list is acceptable. (Separate reference lists for each essay is also fine, but may be more difficult manage in a single document if using a reference software) Select two (2) only of the following questions (15 marks each): 1. HIV infection can be successfully managed in many patients using anti-retroviral drugs. Discuss important issues in HIV treatment and why the infection cannot be eradicated. Include a discussion of the following topics: 1. Classes of HIV drugs, 2. Treatment regimens, 3. Important considerations for treatment, 4. The difference between functional cure and sterilizing cure. 2. Discuss the epidemiology and pathogenesis of schistosomiasis. · Which species are involved? · How is this infection acquired? · Describe the pathogenesis of infection. Which part of the parasite life cycle is responsible for the major symptoms? · How is a diagnosis made? 3. Compare and contrast the disease and pathogenesis of Shigella and Salmonella infections. For each organism include a discussion of: · mode of transmission · the important virulence factors of the causative agent · the pathogenesis of infection. 4. Compare and contrast the disease and pathogenesis caused by infection by Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and Mycobacterium leprae. · How are these infections transmitted? · How are these infections diagnosed and treated? · What control measures are available? Rubric essays Marking Rubric Final Theory Task- Essays 25 marks each. Scales Note that gradations between these scales will be used as appropriate. Criterion Possible marks Excellent Good Attempt Fair attempt, needs improvement Poor attempt, needs more effort Very poor or partial attempt Nil Coverage of topic 20 20-A good and complete coverage of the questions topic, sufficient specific examples have been given to support arguments, appropriate reference to the scientific literature has been made. Evidence of a good understanding of the topic 15-A reasonable attempt at addressing all or most of the question. At least some specific examples have been used, some references to the literature have been made, but there is insufficuent evidence that the topic has been addressed fully 10 A fair attempt at addressing the question, with some ommisions or incorrect statements. Some evidecen of understanding of the topic.A few specific examples are given, some or little reference to apporpriate literature has been done 5-Only part of the question has been answered, answer is confuding, or has many incorrect statements, statements are not supported by examples or references to literature 1-Little evidence that topic has been addressed, only a small part of the question addressed, not submitted Writing style 2.5 2.5 Writing is clear and essay is well structured. Subheadings used. Correct use of scientific terms and notation, few or no typographical or spelling errors. 1.5 Writing is of a fair standard, but essay structure could be improved. Mostly correct use of scientific terms and notation, some or few typographical or spelling errors. 0.5 Writing unclear or confusing, essay is not well structured. Many errors inuse of scientific terms and notation, many typographical or spelling errors. not submitted Referencing 2.5 2.5 References are appropriate, and a sufficient number have been used to support arguments. References are in correct format and are complete. 1.5-References are mostlyappropriate, and at least some have been used to support arguments. References are mostly in correct format and are complete. 0.5-References are not of appropriate type, insufficient references have been used to support arguments. References are incorrect format and/or are not complete. not submitted TOTAL 25