Measure out 1 quart (1 liter) diluted apple juice into each of 5 separate containers and prepare samples as described below. (You will have some excess diluted juice.) Note: for very small quantities...

Measure out 1 quart (1 liter) diluted apple juice into each of 5 separate containers and prepare samples as described below. (You will have some excess diluted juice.) Note: for very small quantities of ingredients, measurements are given in both weight and volumetric measurements. Use measuring spoons with these ingredients, if necessary.

• Add 1 ounce (30 grams) granulated sugar to 1 quart (1 liter) diluted apple juice. Label sample “with sugar.”

• Add 0.15 ounce or 1 teaspoon (4 grams or 5 milliliters) malic acid to 1 quart (1 liter) diluted apple juice. Label sample “with acid.”

• Add 0.1 ounce or 1 ⁄2 teaspoon (2.5 grams or 2.5 milliliters) tannin powder to 1 quart (1 liter) diluted apple juice. Label sample “with tannin.”

• Add 4 caffeine tablets, fi nely crushed, to 1 quart (1 liter) diluted apple juice. Label sample “with caffeine.” Note: this is about the same amount of caffeine as in coffee.

• Add 1 ounce (30 grams) granulated sugar and 0.15 ounce or 1 teaspoon (4 grams or 5 milliliters) malic acid to 1 quart (1 liter) diluted apple juice. Label sample “with sugar and acid.”