Locate one (1) article for each of the following topics: 1. Topic 1: Music, movement and/or drama theory in early childhood education · Article details using APA referencing protocols · A short...

Running Head: Significance of Music        
Significance of Music        10
SIGNIFICANCE OF MUSIC
Table of Contents
Topic 1: Importance of Music in Early Childhood Education    3
Article:    3
Statement:    3
Topic 2: Importance of Music in Young Children’s Development    4
Article:    4
Statement:    5
Topic 3: Inclusion of Music in the Early Childhood Curriculum    6
Article:    6
Statement:    6
Topic 4: Educator Skills and Dispositions for Teaching Music    8
Article:    8
Statement:    8
Section 5    9
Topic 1: Importance of Music in Early Childhood Education
Article:
Guhn, M., Emerson, S. D., &Gouzouasis, P. (2020). A population-level analysis of associations between school music participation and academic achievement. Journal of Educational Psychology, 112(2), 308.
Statement:
    The article written by Guhn, Emerson and Gouzouasis (2020) brings to focus the ways in which music learning and active participation in music lessons can help young learners in academic learning and achievement of high grades in school.
    According to the authors, namely, Guhn, Emerson and Gouzouasis (2020), various pathways link music training with academic achievement in early childhood. Extended engagement with music with a strong sense of purpose can lead to the development of cognition in young children. A set of competencies, by the name of executive features relates music with academic achievement, where the neurological bases of EFs have the ability to control and regulate thoughts and behaviours. Music training brings noticeable changes to the neurological regions, such as corpus callosum, superior temporal gyrus and so on which are interrelated with the EFs. According to the reports mentioned in the article, based on a sample of 88% instrumentalists and 12% vocal musicians, the musicians have outperformed the non-musicians in terms of shifting or switching, cognitive flexibility and working memory. Music learning in a repeated manner also teaches motivation related education such as discipline, self-efficacy and other learnings, which leads children to mastering complex skills and achieving desired outcomes such as high grades. Music training also enhances social and personal nature of children which enhances their teamworking spirit, school climate and social interactions in school.
    The many forms of music learning, that is inclusive of, music composition and theory, vocal music or singing and instrumental music that is, learning and playing instrument have separate effects on the EFs and motivation related pathways. For instance, in learning and practicing musical instruments there are a number of activities associated with the process, which includes learning to read musical notes, hand eye and spatial co-ordination for physically playing the instrument. These activities impact academic achievement in different subject areas such as mathematics, English, science and so on. The children who learned and received training in music, both vocal music and instrumental music showed greater academic achievement in the mean marks of the school examinations. Music learning is also positively related to the changing of brain processes, such as in learning string instrument, percussion, wind instrument and keyboard, the learners receive various skills such as auditory, audiation, reading and executive skills which can positively impact the auditory and motor regions of the brain. Music is also closely associated with memory in children which is related with the memorising skills of young learners in terms of academic education and achievement of high grades. Therefore, due to the all-pervasive benefits of music learning, which is inclusive of both vocal and instrumental music, music learning ought to be encouraged in schools and the training inculcated in order to provide a holistic approach to education.
Topic 2: Importance of Music in Young Children’s Development
Article:
Barrett, M. S., Flynn, L. M., & Welch, G. F. (2018). Music value and participation: An Australian case study of music provision and support in early childhood education. Research Studies in Music Education, 40(2), 226-243.
Statement:
    The scholars Barrett, Flynn and Welch(2018) are of the opinion that early engagement in active making of music has the capability of providing an overall development to young children which is inclusive of the development of certain skills as well as preparedness for...